ReviewCytokine2012
D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT or MIF-2): doubling the MIF cytokine family.
Review in Cytokine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oxidized MIF is an Alzheimer's disease drug target relaying external risk factors to tau pathology.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Generation of High-Quality D-Dopachrome Tautomerase Crystals for Structural Studies.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Untargeted metabolomic profiling of hydrosalpinx fluid: a descriptive analysis with pelvic fluid as external reference.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Atomistic modulation of MIF-2 structure, catalysis, and biological signaling via cysteine residues and a small molecule, Ebselen.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- The multifaced role of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor family in organ fibrosis.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Review
- Integrative proteomic analysis reveals the potential diagnostic marker and drug target for the Type-2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Baicalin RelievesBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Advances in cytokine gene polymorphisms in tuberculosis.mSphere · 2025Review
- An atypical atherogenic chemokine that promotes advanced atherosclerosis and hepatic lipogenesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- MIF functional polymorphisms are associated with acute GVHD progression and steroid-refractoriness.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and the tumor ecosystem: a tale of inflammation, immune escape, and tumor growth.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Usp18 Mediates D-Dopachrome Tautomerase-Induced Astrocytic Inflammation After Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Serum and urinary levels of MIF, CD74, DDT and CXCR4 among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals: Implications for further research.Metabolism open · 2024Article
- Transcriptional Rearrangements Associated with Thermal Stress and Preadaptation in Baikal Whitefish (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Parthanatos: Mechanisms, modulation, and therapeutic prospects in neurodegenerative disease and stroke.Biochemical pharmacology · 2024Review
- The Impact of Serum/Plasma Proteomics on SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis and Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT): Pathways to Tumorigenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in retinal diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- MIF contribution to progressive brain diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT) is a newly described cytokine and a member of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) protein superfamily. MIF is a broadly expressed pro-inflammatory cytokine that regulates both the innate and the adaptive immune response. MIF activates the MAP kinase cascade, modulates cell migration, and counter-acts the immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids. For many cell types, MIF also acts as an important survival or anti-apoptotic factor. Circulating MIF levels are elevated in the serum in different infectious and autoimmune diseases, and neutralization of the MIF protein via antibodies or small molecule antagonists improves the outcome in numerous animal models of human disease. Recently, a detailed investigation of the biological role of the closely homologous protein D-DT, which is encoded by a gene adjacent to MIF, revealed an overlapping functional spectrum with MIF. The D-DT protein also is present in most tissues and circulates in serum at similar concentrations as MIF. D-DT binds the MIF cell surface receptor complex, CD74/CD44, with high affinity and induces similar cell signaling and effector functions. Furthermore, an analysis of the signaling properties of the two proteins showed that they work cooperatively, and that neutralization of D-DT in vivo significantly decreases inflammation. In this review, we highlight the similarities and differences between MIF and D-DT, which we propose to designate "MIF-2", and discuss the implication of D-DT/MIF-2 expression for MIF-based therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.