ArticlePloS one2012
The immune response to melanoma is limited by thymic selection of self-antigens.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The immunology of vitiligo.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Antibodies as drugs-a Keystone Symposia report.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2023Article
- Thymic self-antigen expression for immune tolerance and surveillance.Inflammation and regeneration · 2022Review
- Antigen mimicry as an effective strategy to induce CSPG4-targeted immunity in dogs with oral melanoma: a veterinary trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- Review
- CD8eLife · 2021Article
- AIRE deficiency, from preclinical models to human APECED disease.Disease models & mechanisms · 2021Review
- Thymic Function and T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Diversity: Implications for Patient Response to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Absence of central tolerance in Aire-deficient mice synergizes with immune-checkpoint inhibition to enhance antitumor responses.Communications biology · 2020Article
- The renal adverse effects of cancer immunotherapy.Journal of nephrology · 2020Review
- Thymic Function Associated With Cancer Development, Relapse, and Antitumor Immunity - A Mini-Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Pulling RANK on Cancer: Blocking Aire-Mediated Central Tolerance to Enhance Immunotherapy.Cancer immunology research · 2019Review
- Roles of the RANKL-RANK axis in antitumour immunity - implications for therapy.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2018Review
- Twenty Years of AIRE.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Combination central tolerance and peripheral checkpoint blockade unleashes antimelanoma immunity.JCI insight · 2017Article
- Autoantibody Repertoire in APECED Patients Targets Two Distinct Subgroups of Proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- AIRE polymorphism, melanoma antigen-specific T cell immunity, and susceptibility to melanoma.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Estrogen turns down "the AIRE".The Journal of clinical investigation · 2016Article
- AIRE expands: new roles in immune tolerance and beyond.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2016Review
- Positive and Negative Regulatory Mechanisms for Fine-Tuning Cellularity and Functions of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The expression of melanoma-associated antigens (MAA) being limited to normal melanocytes and melanomas, MAAs are ideal targets for immunotherapy and melanoma vaccines. As MAAs are derived from self, immune responses to these may be limited by thymic tolerance. The extent to which self-tolerance prevents efficient immune responses to MAAs remains unknown. The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) controls the expression of tissue-specific self-antigens in thymic epithelial cells (TECs). The level of antigens expressed in the TECs determines the fate of auto-reactive thymocytes. Deficiency in AIRE leads in both humans (APECED patients) and mice to enlarged autoreactive immune repertoires. Here we show increased IgG levels to melanoma cells in APECED patients correlating with autoimmune skin features. Similarly, the enlarged T cell repertoire in AIRE(-/-) mice enables them to mount anti-MAA and anti-melanoma responses as shown by increased anti-melanoma antibodies, and enhanced CD4(+) and MAA-specific CD8(+) T cell responses after melanoma challenge. We show that thymic expression of gp100 is under the control of AIRE, leading to increased gp100-specific CD8(+) T cell frequencies in AIRE(-/-) mice. TRP-2 (tyrosinase-related protein), on the other hand, is absent from TECs and consequently TRP-2 specific CD8(+) T cells were found in both AIRE(-/-) and AIRE(+/+) mice. This study emphasizes the importance of investigating thymic expression of self-antigens prior to their inclusion in vaccination and immunotherapy strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.