ArticlePloS one2012
Impact of migration and acculturation on prevalence of type 2 diabetes and related eye complications in Indians living in a newly urbanised society.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneity in the development of diabetes-related complications: narrative review of the roles of ancestry and geographical determinants.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Association between rural-to-urban migration and the onset of hypertension among middle-aged and older population: evidence from India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Extending the diabetic retinopathy screening intervals in Singapore: methodology and preliminary findings of a cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with diagnosed diabetes mellitus among Asian Indian adults in the United States.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes in a suburb of Shanghai, China.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- Acculturation and Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Predict Elevated Blood Glucose Level in Sub-Saharan African Immigrants in Australia.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2020Article
- Skinfold thickness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: an analysis of the PERU MIGRANT study.Public health nutrition · 2020Article
- Racial/ethnic differences in the burden of type 2 diabetes over the life course: a focus on the USA and India.Diabetologia · 2019Review
- Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Asian T2DM patients: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.International journal of ophthalmology · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Glycemic Index Among Punjabis in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Possible Association with Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2018Article
- Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Six-Year Incidence and Risk Factors of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Singaporean Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Addressing the impact of urban exposure on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: The PERU MIGRANT Study.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Significant differences in struvite and cystine stone frequency seen among Chinese nephrolithiasis patients living in North America compared to those living in China.Translational andrology and urology · 2016Article
- Article
- Type 2 diabetes prevalence varies by socio-economic status within and between migrant groups: analysis and implications for Australia.BMC public health · 2013Article
- Transcultural Lifestyle Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Care: Narrative Review of the Literature.American journal of lifestyle medicineReview
- The burden of asthma among the South Asian and Chinese population residing in Ontario.Canadian respiratory journalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHealth of migrants is a major public health challenge faced by governments and policy makers. Asian Indians are among the fastest growing migration groups across Asia and the world, but the impact of migration and acculturation on diabetes and diabetes-related eye complications among Indians living in urban Asia remains unclear. METHODOLOGIES/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe evaluated the influence of migration and acculturation (i.e., migration status and length of residence) on the prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetes-related eye complications (diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cataract), among first-generation (defined as participant born in India with both parents born in India, n = 781) and second-generation (participants born in Singapore with both parents born in India, n = 1,112) Indian immigrants from a population-based study of Adult Indians in Singapore. Diabetes was defined as HbA1c≥6.5%, use of diabetic medication or a physician diagnosis of diabetes. Retinal and lens photographs were graded for the presence of DR and cataract. Compared to first generation immigrants, second generation immigrants had a higher age- and gender-standardized prevalence of T2DM (34.4% versus 29.0%, p<0.001), and, in those with T2DM, higher age- and gender-standardized prevalence of DR (31.7% versus 24.8%, p<0.001), nuclear cataract (13.6% versus 11.6%, p<0.001), and posterior sub-capsular cataract (6.4% versus 4.6%, p<0.001). Among first generation migrants, longer length of residence was associated with significantly younger age of diagnosis of diabetes and greater likelihood of having T2DM and diabetes-related eye complications.
conclusionSecond generation immigrant Indians and longer length of residence are associated with higher prevalence of diabetes and diabetes-related complications (i.e., DR and cataract) among migrant Indians living in Singapore. These data highlight potential worldwide impacts of migration patterns on the risk and burden of diabetes.
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