ArticleAutophagy2012
Dual functions of autophagy in the response of breast tumor cells to radiation: cytoprotective autophagy with radiation alone and cytotoxic autophagy in radiosensitization by vitamin D 3.
Article in Autophagy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifaceted Role of Vitamin D in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Genetic and Pathway-Based Mechanisms.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Pooled it
- Computational-experimental repurposing reveals synergistic sorafenib/hydroxychloroquine response in KRAS-mutant breast cancer.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Vitamin D and Plant-Derived Compounds: Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Nanotechnology-Enabled Delivery Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Research Advances of the Autophagy-Regulated Radiosensitivity.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Role of Different Enzymes in HInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Vitamin D sensitizes cervical cancer to radiation-induced apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy through degradation of Ambra1.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Blocking ACSL6 Compromises Autophagy via FLI1-Mediated Downregulation of COLs to Radiosensitize Lung Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Advances in the molecular regulation mechanism of tumor dormancy and its therapeutic strategy.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- Topoisomerase I poisons-induced autophagy: Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic or Non-protective.Autophagy reports · 2023Article
- MED16 Promotes Tumour Progression and Tamoxifen Sensitivity by Modulating Autophagy through the mTOR Signalling Pathway in ER-Positive Breast Cancer.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Advances in the Study of CircRNAs in Tumor Drug Resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Vitamin D and Breast Cancer: Mechanistic Update.JBMR plus · 2021Article
- Combinations of Calcitriol with Anticancer Treatments for Breast Cancer: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Ferroptosis, radiotherapy, and combination therapeutic strategies.Protein & cell · 2021Review
- Inhibition of Antiestrogen-Promoted Pro-Survival Autophagy and Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer through Vitamin D Receptor.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Is targeting autophagy mechanism in cancer a good approach? The possible double-edge sword effect.Cell & bioscience · 2021Review
- Vitamin D Enhances Radiosensitivity of Colorectal Cancer by Reversing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In MCF-7 breast tumor cells, ionizing radiation promoted autophagy that was cytoprotective; pharmacological or genetic interference with autophagy induced by radiation resulted in growth suppression and/or cell killing (primarily by apoptosis). The hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,25D 3, also promoted autophagy in irradiated MCF-7 cells, sensitized the cells to radiation and suppressed the proliferative recovery that occurs after radiation alone. 1,25D 3 enhanced radiosensitivity and promoted autophagy in MCF-7 cells that overexpress Her-2/neu as well as in p53 mutant Hs578t breast tumor cells. In contrast, 1,25D 3 failed to alter radiosensitivity or promote autophagy in the BT474 breast tumor cell line with low-level expression of the vitamin D receptor. Enhancement of MCF-7 cell sensitivity to radiation by 1,25D 3 was not attenuated by a genetic block to autophagy due largely to the promotion of apoptosis via the collateral suppression of protective autophagy. However, MCF-7 cells were protected from the combination of 1,25D 3 with radiation using a concentration of chloroquine that produced minimal sensitization to radiation alone. The current studies are consistent with the premise that while autophagy mediates a cytoprotective function in irradiated breast tumor cells, promotion of autophagy can also confer radiosensitivity by vitamin D (1,25D 3). As both cytoprotective and cytotoxic autophagy can apparently be expressed in the same experimental system in response to radiation, this type of model could be utilized to distinguish biochemical, molecular and/or functional differences in these dual functions of autophagy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.