ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2012
Developmental patterns of hair cortisol in male and female nonhuman primates: lower hair cortisol levels in vervet males emerge at puberty.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in the association between internalizing symptoms and hair cortisol level among 10-12 year-old adolescents in China.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Hair Steroid Signatures of Cooperative Breeding in Male and Female Common Marmosets (International journal of primatology · 2026Article
- Factors affecting hair cortisol concentration in privately owned intact cats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Associations between fecal glucocorticoid levels and social bonds vary with relatedness in juvenile rhesus macaques.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hair cortisol concentrations in clipped and combed hair and associations with characteristics, health status and stress in domestic cats.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Validating a Non-Invasive Method for Assessing Cortisol Concentrations in Scraped Epidermal Skin from Common Bottlenose Dolphins and Belugas.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Cortisol levels across the lifespan in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).American journal of primatology · 2024Article
- Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Feral Horses and the Influence of Physiological and Social Factors.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Hair Cortisol and Testosterone Concentrations in Relation to Maturity and Breeding Status of Male Feral Horses.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Qiviut cortisol is associated with metrics of health and other intrinsic and extrinsic factors in wild muskoxen (Conservation physiology · 2022Article
- The Effect of Body Region on Hair Cortisol Concentration in Common Marmosets (Comparative medicine · 2021Article
- Hair cortisol in captive corral-housed baboons.General and comparative endocrinology · 2021Article
- Human-like adrenal development in wild chimpanzees: A longitudinal study of urinary dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and cortisol.American journal of primatology · 2020Article
- Immunosuppressive effect and global dysregulation of blood transcriptome in response to psychosocial stress in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus).Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Fur Color and Nutritional Status Predict Hair Cortisol Concentrations of Dogs in Nicaragua.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Article
- Article
- Hair cortisol and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) from Gibraltar.Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2019Article
- Parental habituation to human disturbance over time reduces fear of humans in coyote offspring.Ecology and evolution · 2018Article
- Quantification of hair cortisol concentration in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and tufted capuchins (Cebus apella).American journal of primatology · 2018Article
- Obesity and obesogenic growth are both highly heritable and modified by diet in a nonhuman primate model, the African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus).International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Studies have yielded inconsistent results with regard to effects of age and sex on short-term markers of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) activity. Hair cortisol provides a retrospective proxy measure of the cumulative activity of the HPA axis over the preceding 3- to 4-month period. In order to describe potential developmental trends in this biomarker, we assessed hair cortisol levels between 1 and 12 years of age in a cross-sectional study of 350 vervets (222 females and 128 males). Monkeys were grouped according to age as 1 (young juvenile), 2 (juvenile), 3 (early adolescent), 4 (late adolescent-young adult), and 5-12 (adult) years of age such that fully mature animals were included in the 5-12 year old age group. We observed that hair cortisol level was higher among the younger monkeys and declined with age (p<.001). More importantly the effect of age significantly interacted with sex (p=.02), such that hair cortisol was consistently lower in males than females beginning at age 3 (p<.05 or better). The developmental decline began one year earlier in females than males suggesting an influence of the earlier maturational processes typical in both human and nonhuman primates. The advantage of lower cortisol levels in the males may be related to social group patterns of male emigration during adolescence in many nonhuman primate species.
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