ArticleMolecular immunology2012
Human cytomegalovirus US3 modulates destruction of MHC class I molecules.
Article in Molecular immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Presentation of an immunodominant immediate-early CD8+ T cell epitope resists human cytomegalovirus immunoevasion.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Harnessing stromal vascular fraction-based therapies for wound healing: Mechanisms, synergies, and clinical translation.Regenerative therapy · 2025Review
- In Vitro Silencing of MHC-I in Keratinocytes by Herpesvirus US11 Protein to Model Alloreactive Suppression.European burn journal · 2025Article
- Deletion of the Human Cytomegalovirus US2 to US11 Gene Family Members Impairs the Type-I Interferon Response.Viruses · 2025Article
- Viral manipulation of the HLA class I antigen processing and presentation pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- HCMV US2 co-opts TRC8 to degrade the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein LMAN2L.The Journal of general virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Targeted Protein-Specific Multi-Epitope-Based Vaccine Designing against Human Cytomegalovirus by Using Immunoinformatics Approaches.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Human cytomegalovirus in cancer: the mechanism of HCMV-induced carcinogenesis and its therapeutic potential.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- The Deletion of US3 Gene of Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) ΔgE/TK Strain Induces Increased Immunogenicity in Mice.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Evasion of the Host Immune Response by Betaherpesviruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Battle between Host Immune Cellular Responses and HCMV Immune Evasion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- CD46 facilitates entry and dissemination of human cytomegalovirus.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Down-Regulation of MHC Class I Expression in Human Keratinocytes Using Viral Vectors ContainingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Immune Ecosystem of Virus-Infected Host Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Review
- Multiple E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes regulate human cytomegalovirus US2-mediated immunoreceptor downregulation.Journal of cell science · 2017Article
- Functional screening for anti-CMV biologics identifies a broadly neutralizing epitope of an essential envelope protein.Nature communications · 2016Article
- Global Mapping of O-Glycosylation of Varicella Zoster Virus, Human Cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Human cytomegalovirus gH stability and trafficking are regulated by ER-associated degradation and transmembrane architecture.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is proficient at establishing lifelong persistence within the host in part due to immune modulating genes that limit immune recognition. HCMV encodes at least five glycoproteins within its unique short (US) genomic region that interfere with MHC class I antigen presentation, thus hindering viral clearance by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Specifically, US3 retains class I within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while US2 and US11 induce class I heavy chain destruction. A cooperative effect on class I down-regulation during stable expression of HCMV US2 and US3 has been established. To address the impact of US3 on US11-mediated MHC class I down-regulation, the fate of class I molecules was examined in US3/US11-expressing cells and virus infection studies. Co-expression of US3 and US11 resulted in a decrease of surface expression of class I molecules. However, the class I molecules in US3/US11 cells were mostly retained in the ER with an attenuated rate of proteasome destruction. Analysis of class I levels from virus-infected cells using HCMV variants either expressing US3 or US11 revealed efficient surface class I down-regulation upon expression of both viral proteins. Cells infected with both US3 and US11 expressing viruses demonstrate enhanced retention of MHC class I complexes within the ER. Collectively, the data suggests a paradigm where HCMV-induced surface class I down-regulation occurs by diverse mechanisms dependent on the expression of specific US genes. These results validate the commitment of HCMV to limiting the surface expression of class I levels during infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.