ArticlePloS one2012
Decline in HIV prevalence among young women in Zambia: national-level estimates of trends mask geographical and socio-demographic differences.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Differences in HIV Prevalence Persist over Time: Evidence from 18 Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Estimating district HIV prevalence in Zambia using small-area estimation methods (SAE).Population health metrics · 2022Article
- Mapping HIV prevalence in Nigeria using small area estimates to develop a targeted HIV intervention strategy.PloS one · 2022Article
- Contrasting HIV prevalence trends among young women and men in Zambia in the past 12 years: data from demographic and health surveys 2002-2014.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- The DREAMS core package of interventions: A comprehensive approach to preventing HIV among adolescent girls and young women.PloS one · 2018Article
- Declining HIV Prevalence in Parallel With Safer Sex Behaviors in Burkina Faso: Evidence From Surveillance and Population-Based Surveys.Global health, science and practice · 2016Article
- Evaluation of geospatial methods to generate subnational HIV prevalence estimates for local level planning.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- Risk factors for incident HIV infection among antenatal mothers in rural Eastern Cape, South Africa.Global health action · 2016Article
- Article
- High burden of malaria infection in pregnant women in a rural district of Zambia: a cross-sectional study.Malaria journal · 2015Article
- Prevalence and social drivers of HIV among married and cohabitating heterosexual adults in south-eastern Tanzania: analysis of adult health community cohort data.Global health action · 2015Article
- Within-Gender Changes in HIV Prevalence among Adults between 2005/6 and 2010/11 in Zimbabwe.PloS one · 2015Article
- Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in HIV prevalence among young people in seven countries in eastern and southern Africa.PloS one · 2015Article
- Decline in sexual risk behaviours among young people in Zambia (2000-2009): do neighbourhood contextual effects play a role?PloS one · 2013Article
- Trends in HIV prevalence among young people in generalised epidemics: implications for monitoring the HIV epidemic.Sexually transmitted infections · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA decline in HIV incidence has been reported in Zambia and a number of other sub-Saharan countries. The trend of HIV prevalence among young people is a good marker of HIV incidence. In this study, different data sources are used to examine geographical and sub-population group differentials in HIV prevalence trends among men and women aged 15-24 years in Zambia. DESIGN AND
methodsWe analysed ANC data for women aged 15-24 years from 22 sentinel sites consistently covered in the period 1994-2008, and HIV data for young men and women aged 15-24 years from the ZDHS 2001/2 and 2007. In addition, we systematically reviewed peer-reviewed articles that have reported findings on HIV prevalence and incidence among young people.
findingsOverall trends of the ANC surveillance data indicated a substantial HIV prevalence decline among young women in both urban and rural areas. However, provincial declines differed substantially, i.e. between 10% and 68% among urban women, and from stability to 86% among rural women. Prevalence declines were steeper among those with the highest educational attainments than among the least educated. The ZDHS data indicated a significant reduction in prevalence between the two survey rounds among young women only. Provincial-level ZDHS changes were difficult to assess because the sample sizes were small. ANC-based trend patterns were consistent with those observed in PMTCT-based data (2002-2006), whereas population-based surveys in a selected urban community (1995-2003) suggested that the ANC-based data underestimated the prevalence declines in the general populations of both young both men and women.
conclusionThe overall HIV prevalence declined substantially among young women in Zambia and this is interpreted as indicating a decline in HIV incidence. It is noteworthy that overall national trends masked substantial differences by place and by educational attainment, demonstrating critical limitations in the current focus on overall country-level trends in epidemiological reports.
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