ReviewAmerican journal of public health2012
The state of research on racial/ethnic discrimination in the receipt of health care.
Review in American journal of public health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 182 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
182 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Racialized migrant women's discrimination in maternal care: a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review of neighborhood socioeconomic indices studied across the cancer control continuum.Cancer medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Training to reduce LGBTQ-related bias among medical, nursing, and dental students and providers: a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2019Pooled it
- Public Health's Approach to Systemic Racism: a Systematic Literature Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2019Pooled it
- Masculinity, Racism, Social Support, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake Among African American Men: A Systematic Review.American journal of men's health · 2017Pooled it
- Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review.BMC medical ethics · 2017Pooled it
- Cultural adaptations to augment health and mental health services: a systematic review.BMC health services research · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Barriers of Influenza Vaccination Intention and Behavior - A Systematic Review of Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy, 2005 - 2016.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Physical, Mental, Social, and Economic Problems of Immigrant Women in the Perinatal Period in Japan.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2015Pooled it
- Inequity to the utilization of bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity surgery · 2015Pooled it
- A systematic review of barriers and facilitators to minority research participation among African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, and Pacific Islanders.American journal of public health · 2014Pooled it
- A systematic review of the extent and measurement of healthcare provider racism.Journal of general internal medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Naming Institutionalized Racism in the Public Health Literature: A Systematic Literature Review.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- Discrimination Experiences and Depressive Symptoms among African Americans with Osteoarthritis Enrolled in a Pain Coping Skills Training Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of health care for the poor and underserved · 2021Trial
- Study of Individualization and Bias in Nursing Home Fall Prevention Practices.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2017Trial
- Effects of ethnic attributes on the quality of family planning services in Lima, Peru: a randomized crossover trial.PloS one · 2015Trial
- The effect of socioeconomic status on access to primary care: an audit study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2013Trial
- Peer Coaching to Improve Diabetes Self-Management Among Low-Income Black Veteran Men: A Mixed Methods Assessment of Enrollment and Engagement.Annals of family medicineTrial
- What's Happening in the Exam Room? A Mixed-Methods Study About the Provision of Patient-Centered Contraceptive Care for Baltimore Latine Patients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
122 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe conducted a review to examine current literature on the effects of interpersonal and institutional racism and discrimination occurring within health care settings on the health care received by racial/ethnic minority patients.
methodsWe searched the PsychNet, PubMed, and Scopus databases for articles on US populations published between January 1, 2008 and November 1, 2011. We used various combinations of the following search terms: discrimination, perceived discrimination, race, ethnicity, racism, institutional racism, stereotype, prejudice or bias, and health or health care. Fifty-eight articles were reviewed.
resultsPatient perception of discriminatory treatment and implicit provider biases were the most frequently examined topics in health care settings. Few studies examined the overall prevalence of racial/ethnic discrimination and none examined temporal trends. In general, measures used were insufficient for examining the impact of interpersonal discrimination or institutional racism within health care settings on racial/ethnic disparities in health care.
conclusionsBetter instrumentation, innovative methodology, and strategies are needed for identifying and tracking racial/ethnic discrimination in health care settings.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.