ArticleJournal of addiction research & therapy2011
The Role of the Habenula in Nicotine Addiction.
Article in Journal of addiction research & therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of addiction.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA · 2021Pooled it
- Multi-omic spatial mapping of the human habenula defines the molecular and anatomical organization of medial and lateral subregions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Opioid withdrawal engages a habenular subpopulation responsive to aversive states.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Acute nicotine activates orectic and inhibits anorectic brain regions in rats exposed to chronic nicotine.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- The incentive amplifying effects of nicotine: Roles in alcohol seeking and consumption.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2022Review
- Behavioural and pharmacological profiles of zebrafish administrated pyrrolidinyl benzodioxanes and prolinol aryl ethers with high affinity for heteromeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- From controlled to compulsive drug-taking: The role of the habenula in addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2019Review
- Habenular and striatal activity during performance feedback are differentially linked with state-like and trait-like aspects of tobacco use disorder.Science advances · 2019Article
- Downregulation of M-channels in lateral habenula mediates hyperalgesia during alcohol withdrawal in rats.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Wheel running during chronic nicotine exposure is protective against mecamylamine-precipitated withdrawal and up-regulates hippocampal α7 nACh receptors in mice.British journal of pharmacology · 2018Article
- Neuropeptidomics of the Rat Habenular Nuclei.Journal of proteome research · 2018Article
- Human brain imaging of nicotinic acetylcholine α4β2* receptors using [The Journal of comparative neurology · 2018Article
- Ethanol Withdrawal Drives Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Reducing M-type Potassium Channel Activity in the Lateral Habenula.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Article
- Convergence of signaling pathways underlying habenular formation and axonal outgrowth in zebrafish.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2017Article
- Translating the Habenula-From Rodents to Humans.Biological psychiatry · 2017Review
- New mechanisms and perspectives in nicotine withdrawal.Neuropharmacology · 2015Review
- Nicotinic Mechanisms Modulate Ethanol Withdrawal and Modify Time Course and Symptoms Severity of Simultaneous Withdrawal from Alcohol and Nicotine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Article
- Pharmacological stress is required for the anti-alcohol effect of the α3β4* nAChR partial agonist AT-1001.Neuropharmacology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To thrive in any given environment, mobile creatures must be able to learn from the outcomes of both successful and disappointing events. To learn from success, the brain relies on signals originating in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra that result in increased release of dopamine in the striatum. Recently, it was shown that to learn from disappointment the brain relies on signals originating in the lateral habenula, which indirectly inhibit dopaminergic activity. The habenula is a small brain region that has been shown in mice to be critical for the appearance of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits expressed in the medial habenula are necessary to observe withdrawal symptoms in mice, and blocking nicotinic activity in the medial habenula only is sufficient to precipitate withdrawal in dependent mice. In addition, recent genome wide association studies have shown that in humans, genetic variants in the same nicotinic receptor subunits are at least partially responsible for the genetic predisposition to become a smoker. The habenula is linked not only to nicotine, but also to the effects of several other drugs. We postulate that the continuous use of drugs of abuse results in habenular hyperactivity as a compensatory mechanism for artificially elevated dopamine release. Drug withdrawal would then result in non-compensated habenular hyperactivity, and could be thought of as a state of continuous disappointment (or a negative emotional state), driving repeated drug use. We believe that drugs that alter habenular activity may be effective therapies against tobacco smoke and drug addiction in general.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.