Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2012
Early detection and intervention evaluation for people at risk of psychosis: multisite randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 329 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quality of life in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- Preventing psychosis in people at clinical high risk: an updated meta-analysis by the World Psychiatric Association Preventive Psychiatry section.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Prodromal Stage of Psychosis-Outcomes for Transition, Functioning, Distress, and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Pooled it
- Attrition rates in trials for adolescents and young adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Psychological interventions for people with psychotic experiences: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled effectiveness and economic studies.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions for prodromal stage of psychosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Attenuated psychotic symptom interventions in youth at risk of psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Preventive Treatments for Psychosis: Umbrella Review (Just the Evidence).Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- A systematic review of mental health outcome measures for young people aged 12 to 25 years.BMC psychiatry · 2015Pooled it
- Risk of mental illness in offspring of parents with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of family high-risk studies.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2014Pooled it
- Comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders in 509 individuals with an at-risk mental state: impact on psychopathology and transition to psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2014Pooled it
- Early interventions to prevent psychosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2013Pooled it
- Optimizing Health for Canadian Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Feasibility Study: Optimiser la santé des jeunes Canadiens présentant un risque clinique élevé de psychose : Une étude de faisabilité.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Trial
- Impact of the Unified Protocol on Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms, Cognitive Biases and Cognitive Insight in Patients at Ultra High Risk (UHR) for Psychosis: Secondary Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical psychology · 2026Trial
- Prevention of First-Episode Psychosis in People at Clinical High Risk: A Randomized Controlled, Multicentre Trial Comparing Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Clinical Management Plus Low-Dose Aripiprazole or Placebo (PREVENT).Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Trial
- Baseline data of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (STEP study).Early intervention in psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Sleep duration and psychotic experiences in patients at risk of psychosis: A secondary analysis of the EDIE-2 trial.Schizophrenia research · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tailored intensive liaison between primary and secondary care to identify individuals at risk of a first psychotic illness (the LEGs study): a cluster-randomised controlled trial.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Trial
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
18 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether cognitive therapy is effective in preventing the worsening of emerging psychotic symptoms experienced by help seeking young people deemed to be at risk for serious conditions such as schizophrenia.
designMultisite single blind randomised controlled trial.
settingDiverse services at five UK sites.
participants288 participants aged 14-35 years (mean 20.74, SD 4.34 years) at high risk of psychosis: 144 were assigned to cognitive therapy plus monitoring of mental state and 144 to monitoring of mental state only. Participants were followed-up for a minimum of 12 months and a maximum of 24 months.
interventionCognitive therapy (up to 26 (mean 9.1) sessions over six months) plus monitoring of mental state compared with monitoring of mental state only.
main outcome measuresPrimary outcome was scores on the comprehensive assessment of at risk mental states (CAARMS), which provides a dichotomous transition to psychosis score and ordinal scores for severity of psychotic symptoms and distress. Secondary outcomes included emotional dysfunction and quality of life.
resultsTransition to psychosis based on intention to treat was analysed using discrete time survival models. Overall, the prevalence of transition was lower than expected (23/288; 8%), with no significant difference between the two groups (proportional odds ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.32 to 1.68). Changes in severity of symptoms and distress, as well as secondary outcomes, were analysed using random effects regression (analysis of covariance) adjusted for site and baseline symptoms. Distress from psychotic symptoms did not differ (estimated difference at 12 months -3.00, 95% confidence interval -6.95 to 0.94) but their severity was significantly reduced in the group assigned to cognitive therapy (estimated between group effect size at 12 months -3.67, -6.71 to -0.64, P=0.018).
conclusionsCognitive therapy plus monitoring did not significantly reduce transition to psychosis or symptom related distress but reduced the severity of psychotic symptoms in young people at high risk. Most participants in both groups improved over time. The results have important implications for the at risk mental state concept.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN56283883.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.