ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2012
Infection barriers to successful xenotransplantation focusing on porcine endogenous retroviruses.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Transmembrane Envelope Protein of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses Modulates Cytokine Release and Gene Expression in Human Immune Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Breaking the immune barrier: construction of cartilaginous organoids using alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient pig cartilage-derived particles.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Safety Aspects of Cell Culture-Derived Food for Human Consumption.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2026Review
- Xeno kidney: revolutionizing kidney disease treatment.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Review
- Characterization of porcine endogenous retrovirus insertion in Jeju native pigs and commercial breeds.Animal bioscience · 2025Article
- Solid organ transplantation in people with HIV: Outcomes, obstacles and opportunities.HIV medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Genome-wide Genetic Mutations Accumulated in Pigs Genome-edited for Xenotransplantation and Their Filial Generation.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Co-Cultivation Assays for Detecting Infectious Human-Tropic Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering: A review of decellularized extracellular matrix applications and innovations.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- Reliable Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods for Screening for Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses-C (PERV-C) in Pigs.Viruses · 2025Article
- Contributions of Europeans to Xenotransplantation Research: 1. Pig Organ Xenotransplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Construction of the porcine genome mobile element variations and investigation of its role in population diversity and gene expression.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- [Xenotransplantation of solid organs].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Application of Methods Detecting Xenotransplantation-Relevant Viruses for Screening German Slaughterhouse Pigs.Viruses · 2024Article
- Physiological basis for xenotransplantation from genetically modified pigs to humans.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Current Status of Cardiac Xenotransplantation: Report of a Workshop of the German Heart Transplant Centers, Martinsried, March 3, 2023.The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon · 2024Article
- Species-Specific Transcription Factors Associated with Long Terminal Repeat Promoters of Endogenous Retroviruses: A Comprehensive Review.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Retroviral Insertion Polymorphism (RIP) of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs) in Pig Genomes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Aspects of Regulation of Xenotransplantation in Europe.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xenotransplantation may be a solution to overcome the shortage of organs for the treatment of patients with organ failure, but it may be associated with the transmission of porcine microorganisms and the development of xenozoonoses. Whereas most microorganisms may be eliminated by pathogen-free breeding of the donor animals, porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) cannot be eliminated, since these are integrated into the genomes of all pigs. Human-tropic PERV-A and -B are present in all pigs and are able to infect human cells. Infection of ecotropic PERV-C is limited to pig cells. PERVs may adapt to host cells by varying the number of LTR-binding transcription factor binding sites. Like all retroviruses, they may induce tumors and/or immunodeficiencies. To date, all experimental, preclinical, and clinical xenotransplantations using pig cells, tissues, and organs have not shown transmission of PERV. Highly sensitive and specific methods have been developed to analyze the PERV status of donor pigs and to monitor recipients for PERV infection. Strategies have been developed to prevent PERV transmission, including selection of PERV-C-negative, low-producer pigs, generation of an effective vaccine, selection of effective antiretrovirals, and generation of animals transgenic for a PERV-specific short hairpin RNA inhibiting PERV expression by RNA interference.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.