ArticleJournal of virology2012
Multifunctional CD4 cells expressing gamma interferon and perforin mediate protection against lethal influenza virus infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 177 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
177 citing papers in PubMed, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Reduced Plasmodium Parasite Burden Associates with CD38+ CD4+ T Cells Displaying Cytolytic Potential and Impaired IFN-γ Production.PLoS pathogens · 2016Trial
- Single dose vaccination of the ASO3-adjuvanted A(H1N1)pdm09 monovalent vaccine in health care workers elicits homologous and cross-reactive cellular and humoral responses to H1N1 strains.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Trial
- Induction and activation of human Th17 by targeting antigens to dendritic cells via dectin-1.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
- L-type voltage-gated CaEMBO reports · 2026Article
- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immunosuppression: Two sides of the same coin.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- A new 'K'ind of T helper cell.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Nasal CD4+ tissue-resident memory T cells provide cross-protective immunity to influenza.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- HIV-seq reveals gene expression differences between HIV-transcribing cells from viremic and suppressed people with HIV.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The role of T cells in influenza infection and vaccination.Virologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Particularly strong immune response to influenza vaccination in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis linked to systemic inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Interferon-γ receptor signaling is critical for balanced immune activation and protection against influenza after vaccination.Virology · 2025Article
- Divergent Effects of Cytomegalovirus and Rheumatoid Arthritis on Senescent CD4European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Influenza A Virus andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Age and primary vaccination schedule impact humoral and cellular immunity with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.iScience · 2025Article
- T Cell Responses to Influenza Infections in Cattle.Viruses · 2025Review
- A specific microbial consortium enhances Th1 immunity, improves LCMV viral clearance but aggravates LCMV disease pathology in mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- CD4Trends in cancer · 2024Review
- Intranasally Inoculated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Combined with Mucoadhesive Polymer Induces Broad and Long-Lasting Immunity.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Enhancing cross-protection against influenza by heterologous sequential immunization with mRNA LNP and protein nanoparticle vaccines.Nature communications · 2024Article
117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CD4 effectors generated in vitro can promote survival against a highly pathogenic influenza virus via an antibody-independent mechanism involving class II-restricted, perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. However, it is not known whether CD4 cells activated during influenza virus infection can acquire cytolytic activity that contributes to protection against lethal challenge. CD4 cells isolated from the lungs of infected mice were able to confer protection against a lethal dose of H1N1 influenza virus A/Puerto Rico 8/34 (PR8). Infection of BALB/c mice with PR8 induced a multifunctional CD4 population with proliferative capacity and ability to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the draining lymph node (DLN) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and IL-10 in the lung. IFN-γ-deficient CD4 cells produced larger amounts of IL-17 and similar levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-2 compared to wild-type (WT) CD4 cells. Both WT and IFN-γ(-/-) CD4 cells exhibit influenza virus-specific cytotoxicity; however, IFN-γ-deficient CD4 cells did not promote recovery after lethal infection as effectively as WT CD4 cells. PR8 infection induced a population of cytolytic CD4 effectors that resided in the lung but not the DLN. These cells expressed granzyme B (GrB) and required perforin to lyse peptide-pulsed targets. Lethally infected mice given influenza virus-specific CD4 cells deficient in perforin showed greater weight loss and a slower time to recovery than mice given WT influenza virus-specific CD4 cells. Taken together, these data strengthen the concept that CD4 T cell effectors are broadly multifunctional with direct roles in promoting protection against lethal influenza virus infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.