ReviewClinical & developmental immunology2012
HIV RNA suppression and immune restoration: can we do better?
Review in Clinical & developmental immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Data-driven Modeling of Long-term CD4 Cell Recovery Trajectories Under Modern Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- How to properly define immunological nonresponse to antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV? an integrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- HIV Virologic Failure among Patients with Persistent Low-Level Viremia in Nairobi, Kenya: It Is Time to Review the >1000 Virologic Failure Threshold.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- Review
- The Role of Innate Immunity in Natural Elite Controllers of HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- A comparison between different anti-retroviral therapy regimes on soluble inflammation markers: a pilot study.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Article
- Increasing contribution of integrated forms to total HIV DNA in blood during HIV disease progression from primary infection.EBioMedicine · 2019Article
- Cumulative viral load as a predictor of CD4+ T-cell response to antiretroviral therapy using Bayesian statistical models.PloS one · 2019Article
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with human papillomavirus in people living with HIV: a systematic review.Oncotarget · 2018Review
- Assessment of the HBV vaccine response in a group of HIV-infected children in Morocco.BMC public health · 2017Article
- [Factors associated with immunovirologic dissociation in HIV-1-infected patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy in the Ambulatory Treatment Center (ATC) in Dakar].The Pan African medical journal · 2017Article
- Reevaluating Cumulative HIV-1 Viral Load as a Prognostic Predictor: Predicting Opportunistic Infection Incidence and Mortality in a Ugandan Cohort.American journal of epidemiology · 2016Article
- Rate and determinants of residual viremia in multidrug-experienced patients successfully treated with raltegravir-based regimens.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HAART has significantly changed the natural history of HIV infection: patients receiving antiretrovirals are usually able to control viremia, even though not all virological responders adequately recover their CD4+ count. The reasons for poor immune restoration are only partially known and they include genetic, demographic and immunologic factors. A crucial element affecting immune recovery is immune activation, related to residual viremia; indeed, a suboptimal virological control (i.e., low levels of plasma HIV RNA) has been related with higher levels of chronic inflammation and all-cause mortality. The sources of residual viremia are not yet completely known, even though the most important one is represented by latently infected cells. Several methods, including 2-LTR HIV DNA and unspliced HIV RNA measurement, have been developed to estimate residual viremia and predict the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. Considering that poor immunologic responders are exposed to a higher risk of both AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related diseases, there is a need of new therapeutic strategies, including immunomodulators and drugs targeting the latent viral reservoirs, in order to face residual viremia but also to "drive" the host immunologic responses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.