ReviewCellular and molecular neurobiology2012
Sex differences in molecular and cellular substrates of stress.
Review in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Yohimbine as a pharmacological probe for alcohol research: a systematic review of rodent and human studies.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- The Role of TRPV4 in Repeated Variate Stress-Induced Increases in Voiding Frequency and Somatic Sensitivity in Male and Female Mice.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Shifts in attentional demand are accompanied by sex-specific patterns of insula-frontal cortical interactions in mice.NeuroImage · 2026Article
- Social defeat stress responses in the stress alternative model are dependent on sex and anterior basolateral amygdala orexin 2 receptors.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Disrupted synapses: prefrontal cortex-reward circuit dysfunction in stress-induced depression-like behaviors.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Article
- Binge alcohol and the neuroendocrinology of the aging female.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Angolensin Isolated fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 in the medial prefrontal cortex mediates aversion resistant alcohol intake.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Corticotropin-releasing factor-dopamine interactions in male and female macaque: Beyond the classic VTA.Synapse (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Sex diversity in the 21st century: Concepts, frameworks, and approaches for the future of neuroendocrinology.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- Hindbrain Adrenergic/Noradrenergic Control of Integrated Endocrine and Autonomic Stress Responses.Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Sex differences in binge alcohol drinking and the behavioral consequences of protracted abstinence in C57BL/6J mice.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- Chronic intermittent ethanol exposure disrupts stress-related tripartite communication to impact affect-related behavioral selection in male rats.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
- Examining sex differences in responses to footshock stress and the role of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5: an [Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Contrasting dose-dependent effects of acute intravenous methamphetamine on lateral hypothalamic extracellular glucose dynamics in male and female rats.Journal of neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Preclinical Animal Models for the Study of Depression.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2022Review
- Translating the Transcriptome: Sex Differences in the Mechanisms of Depression and Stress, Revisited.Biological psychiatry · 2022Review
- Using Translational Models of Fear Conditioning to Uncover Sex-Linked Factors Related to PTSD Risk.Journal of psychiatry and brain science · 2022Article
- Gender differences in African Americans' reactions to and coping with discrimination: Results from The National Study of American Life.Journal of community psychology · 2021Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Women are twice as likely as men to suffer from stress-related psychiatric disorders, like unipolar depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the underlying neural mechanisms are not well characterized, the pivotal role of stress in the onset and severity of these diseases has led to the idea that sex differences in stress responses account for this sex bias. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) orchestrates stress responses by acting both as a neurohormone to initiate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and as a neuromodulator in the brain. One target of CRF modulation is the locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine system, which coordinates arousal components of the stress response. Hypersecretion of CRF and dysregulation of targets downstream from CRF, such as the HPA axis and LC-norepinephrine system, are characteristic features of many stress-related psychiatric diseases, suggesting a causal role for CRF and its targets in the development of these disorders. This review will describe sex differences in CRF and the LC-norepinephrine system that can increase stress sensitivity in females, making them vulnerable to stress-related disorders. Evidence for gonadal hormone regulation of hypothalamic CRF is discussed as an effect that can lead to increased HPA axis activity in females. Sex differences in the structure of LC neurons that create the potential for hyperarousal in response to emotional stimuli are described. Finally, sex differences at the molecular level of the CRF(1) receptor that make the LC-norepinephrine system more reactive in females are reviewed. The implications of these sex differences for the treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders also will be discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.