ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2012
CTX-M Enzymes: Origin and Diffusion.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 445 papers.
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Who cites it
445 citing papers in PubMed, 945 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella from retail meats in Beijing, China: implications for foodborne transmission and phage susceptibility.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
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- Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in ICU patients and hospital surfaces: β-lactamase burden, biofilm formation and clonal spread.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Intensively Reared and Free-Range Chickens in Selected Districts of Zambia.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
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- Predatory myxobacteria lay at the cross-roads of metallo-β-lactamase evolution.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Cephalosporin Exposure Influences Transcriptional Response of mrcA and mrcB in Escherichia coli Harbouring blaCurrent microbiology · 2026Article
- A One Health view of antimicrobial resistance in North Africa: Meta-analysis of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae across sectors.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Community-based household surface sampling: A citizen science approach for recovery of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales.Journal of microbiological methods · 2026Article
- Cefdinir binding to a class A β-lactamase revealed by serial cryo-crystallography.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the NG-TESTJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Biodiversity of Genetic, Metabolic, and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Draft genome sequencing of Proteus mirabilis strain Indica (ST286) reveals antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization and pathogenicity of Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex associated with mass mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Ladakh trans-himalayas.Scientific reports · 2026Article
385 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CTX-M β-lactamases are considered a paradigm in the evolution of a resistance mechanism. Incorporation of different chromosomal bla(CTX-M) related genes from different species of Kluyvera has derived in different CTX-M clusters. In silico analyses have shown that this event has occurred at least nine times; in CTX-M-1 cluster (3), CTX-M-2 and CTX-M-9 clusters (2 each), and CTX-M-8 and CTX-M-25 clusters (1 each). This has been mainly produced by the participation of genetic mobilization units such as insertion sequences (ISEcp1 or ISCR1) and the later incorporation in hierarchical structures associated with multifaceted genetic structures including complex class 1 integrons and transposons. The capture of these bla(CTX-M) genes from the environment by highly mobilizable structures could have been a random event. Moreover, after incorporation within these structures, β-lactam selective force such as that exerted by cefotaxime and ceftazidime has fueled mutational events underscoring diversification of different clusters. Nevertheless, more variants of CTX-M enzymes, including those not inhibited by β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid (IR-CTX-M variants), only obtained under in in vitro experiments, are still waiting to emerge in the clinical setting. Penetration and the later global spread of CTX-M producing organisms have been produced with the participation of the so-called "epidemic resistance plasmids" often carried in multi-drug resistant and virulent high-risk clones. All these facts but also the incorporation and co-selection of emerging resistance determinants within CTX-M producing bacteria, such as those encoding carbapenemases, depict the currently complex pandemic scenario of multi-drug resistant isolates.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.