ArticleSteroids2012
Biological characterization of non-steroidal progestins from botanicals used for women's health.
Article in Steroids, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Products Targeting Oxidative Stress-Inflammation Crosstalk in Endometriosis.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Chrysin: A Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Potential.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Endocrine-Disrupting Activities of Flavones on Steroid Receptors: Structural Requirements and Synthesis of Novel Flavone with Improved Estrogenic Activity.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Unlocking the Potential: How Flavonoids Affect Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Proliferation, Invasion, and Alter Receptor Interactions in Endometriosis.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Irilone, a Red Clover Isoflavone, Combined with Progesterone Enhances PR Signaling through the Estrogen and Glucocorticoid Receptors.Journal of natural products · 2021Article
- Secoiridoids from Dogwood (Journal of natural products · 2021Article
- Single-Laboratory Validation of UHPLC-MS/MS Assays for Red Clover Isoflavones in Human Serum and Dietary Supplements.Journal of AOAC International · 2020Article
- Baicalein Is a Phytohormone that Signals Through the Progesterone and Glucocorticoid Receptors.Hormones & cancer · 2020Article
- Irilone from Red Clover ( Trifolium pratense) Potentiates Progesterone Signaling.Journal of natural products · 2018Article
- The Flavonoid Apigenin Is a Progesterone Receptor Modulator with In Vivo Activity in the Uterus.Hormones & cancer · 2018Article
- Herbal fertility treatments used in North America from colonial times to 1900, and their potential for improving the success rate of assisted reproductive technology.Reproductive biomedicine & society online · 2018Article
- Phytosteroids beyond estrogens: Regulators of reproductive and endocrine function in natural products.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2017Review
- Article
- Estrogen Receptor β in Melanoma: From Molecular Insights to Potential Clinical Utility.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2016Review
- Article
- Endocrine disrupting activities of the flavonoid nutraceuticals luteolin and quercetin.Hormones & cancer · 2013Article
- Botanical modulation of menopausal symptoms: mechanisms of action?Planta medica · 2013Review
- Article
- Kaempferol Exhibits Progestogenic Effects in Ovariectomized Rats.Journal of steroids & hormonal scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Progesterone plays a central role in women's reproductive health. Synthetic progestins, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) are often used in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), oral contraceptives, and for the treatment of endometriosis and infertility. Although MPA is clinically effective, it also promiscuously binds to androgen and glucocorticoid receptors (AR/GR) leading to many undesirable side effects including cardiovascular diseases and breast cancers. Therefore, identifying alternative progestins is clinically significant. The purpose of this study was to biologically characterize non-steroidal progestins from botanicals by investigating theirinteraction and activation of progesterone receptor (PR). Eight botanicals commonly used to alleviate menopausal symptoms were investigated to determine if they contain progestins using a progesterone responsive element (PRE) luciferase reporter assay and a PR polarization competitive binding assay. Red clover extract stimulated PRE-luciferase and bound to PR. A library of purified compounds previously isolated from red clover was screened using the luciferase reporter assay. Kaempferol identified in red clover and a structurally similar flavonoid, apigenin, bound to PR and induced progestegenic activity and P4 regulated genes in breast epithelial cells and human endometrial stromal cells (HESC). Kaempferol and apigenin demonstrated higher progestegenic potency in the HESC compared to breast epithelial cells. Furthermore, phytoprogestins were able to activate P4 signaling in breast epithelial cells without downregulating PR expression. These data suggest that botanical extracts used for women's health may contain compounds capable of activating progesterone receptor signaling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.