ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2012
Adolescent exposure to nicotine results in reinforcement enhancement but does not affect adult responding in rats.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Consequences of adolescent drug use.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Nicotine Enhances Intravenous Self-administration of Cannabinoids in Adult Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Adolescent Cannabinoid and Nicotine Exposure Differentially Alters Adult Nicotine Self-Administration in Males and Females.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- More than Smoke and Patches: The Quest for Pharmacotherapies to Treat Tobacco Use Disorder.Pharmacological reviews · 2020Review
- Adolescent and adult nicotine exposure differentially impacts oral nicotine and oral saccharin self-administration in mice.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- Consequences of adolescent use of alcohol and other drugs: Studies using rodent models.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2016Review
- Adolescent Rats Self-Administer Less Nicotine Than Adults at Low Doses.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- Effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition on the Reinforcing Properties of Low-Dose Nicotine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Article
- Nicotine administration enhances negative occasion setting in adolescent rats.Behavioural brain research · 2016Article
- Adolescent brain maturation and smoking: what we know and where we're headed.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2014Review
- Influence of reinforcer magnitude and nicotine amount on smoking's acute reinforcement enhancing effects.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Article
- Intravenous prenatal nicotine exposure increases orexin expression in the lateral hypothalamus and orexin innervation of the ventral tegmental area in adult male rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Article
- The effect of nicotine on sign-tracking and goal-tracking in a Pavlovian conditioned approach paradigm in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdolescence is a period of development associated with a peak in an organism's responsiveness to reward. Epidemiological data indicate that the initiation of smoking is high during adolescence and that earlier age of onset is associated with increased incidence of dependence as adults. In rats, nicotine is known to have primary reinforcing and reinforcement enhancing effects. Although the primary reinforcing effects of nicotine have been demonstrated in adolescent rats (self-administration), less is known about its reinforcement enhancing effects during this period. Moreover, the impact of adolescent nicotine exposure on its reinforcement enhancing effects during adulthood has not yet been examined. The objectives of this study were to assess whether (1) nicotine enhances operant responding for an unconditioned visual reinforcer (VS) in adolescent rats, and (2) exposure to nicotine during adolescence affects responsiveness to the VS in adulthood.
methodsRats were exposed to nicotine (0.32 mg/kg, subcutaneous injection) or saline during adolescence (postnatal day 29-42) and adulthood. Nose-poking for the VS was assessed under fixed and progressive ratio schedules.
resultsNicotine increased responding for the VS during adolescence. Adolescent nicotine exposure failed to significantly affect adult responsiveness for the VS, regardless of adult nicotine exposure, but early exposure to the VS affected responsiveness to the VS in adulthood.
conclusionsNicotine exhibits reinforcement enhancing effects in adolescent rats. Long-term effects of adolescent nicotine on reinforcement enhancement are minimal, but the impact of early exposure to the VS and/or the primary reinforcing effects of nicotine requires further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.