ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2012
Barrier mechanisms in the developing brain.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 260 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
260 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 491 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Early-life lung injury and the developing brain: a lung-brain axis perspective on neurodevelopmental disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Pediatric pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of guanabenz for the treatment of vanishing white matter.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mercury-induced excitotoxicity in autism spectrum disorder: disruption of glutamatergic homeostasis and the therapeutic role of the selenium-glutathione axis.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Analytical Validation of an ELISA Assay for Maternal Autoantibody-Related Autism.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Acute buprenorphine exposure depresses neonatal respiratory chemoreflexes in the presence or absence of naloxone.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gut-Derived Metabolic Imbalance in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Toward the Concept of a Metabolic Subtype.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Fetal and postnatal metal metabolism-related changes in brain function are associated with childhood behavioral deficits.Science advances · 2026Article
- Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment: bile acid-mediated mechanisms and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Review
- Metabolomics Highlights Reduced Glutamate and Acetylcarnitine in the Amniotic Fluid of Cytomegalovirus-Infected Pregnant Women.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Blood Serum From Obese Women Raises ROS Production by Neural Stem Cells.Developmental neurobiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of AAV9-driven motor neuron transduction following different CNS-directed delivery methods in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Rice bran extract ameliorates metal mixture induced cerebral cortex dysfunction: implicating the Nrf-2/HMOX-1/BDNF signalling pathway.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Notch signaling activation reduces vesicular endocytosis in human pluripotent stem cell-derived CNS-like endothelial cells.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Persistent meningeal enhancement on MRI in an infant with culture-negative bacterial meningitis: a case report and systematic review of the literature (2014-2025).Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
200 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The adult brain functions within a well-controlled stable environment, the properties of which are determined by cellular exchange mechanisms superimposed on the diffusion restraint provided by tight junctions at interfaces between blood, brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). These interfaces are referred to as "the" blood-brain barrier. It is widely believed that in embryos and newborns, this barrier is immature or "leaky," rendering the developing brain more vulnerable to drugs or toxins entering the fetal circulation from the mother. New evidence shows that many adult mechanisms, including functionally effective tight junctions are present in embryonic brain and some transporters are more active during development than in the adult. Additionally, some mechanisms present in embryos are not present in adults, e.g., specific transport of plasma proteins across the blood-CSF barrier and embryo-specific intercellular junctions between neuroependymal cells lining the ventricles. However developing cerebral vessels appear to be more fragile than in the adult. Together these properties may render developing brains more vulnerable to drugs, toxins, and pathological conditions, contributing to cerebral damage and later neurological disorders. In addition, after birth loss of protection by efflux transporters in placenta may also render the neonatal brain more vulnerable than in the fetus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.