ArticleVaccine2012
Immunogenicity and specificity of norovirus Consensus GII.4 virus-like particles in monovalent and bivalent vaccine formulations.
Article in Vaccine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population-Level Human Secretor Status Is Associated With Genogroup 2 Type 4 Norovirus Predominance.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent norovirus vaccine candidate in infants from 6 weeks to 5 months of age: A phase 2, randomized, double-blind trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Immunogenicity and tolerability of a bivalent virus-like particle norovirus vaccine candidate in children from 6 months up to 4 years of age: A phase 2 randomized, double-blind trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Safety and Immunogenicity of Different Formulations of Norovirus Vaccine Candidate in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- B-Cell Responses to Intramuscular Administration of a Bivalent Virus-Like Particle Human Norovirus Vaccine.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Trial
- Rapid Responses to 2 Virus-Like Particle Norovirus Vaccine Candidate Formulations in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Serological Correlates of Protection against a GII.4 Norovirus.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2015Trial
- Norovirus vaccine against experimental human GII.4 virus illness: a challenge study in healthy adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- A novel intramuscular bivalent norovirus virus-like particle vaccine candidate--reactogenicity, safety, and immunogenicity in a phase 1 trial in healthy adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Trial
- Response of dendritic cells and T cells to virus-like particles formed from norovirus viral protein-1 (VP1N) or chimeric molecules containing a fragment of VP1N and polypeptides of echovirus 30.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- Engineering strategies and decision frameworks for virus-like particle-based vaccines against infectious diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Manipulation of immunodominant variable epitopes of norovirus capsid protein elicited cross-blocking antibodies to different GII.4 variants despite the low potency of the polyclonal sera.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Integrated in-silico design and in vivo validation of multi-epitope vaccines for norovirus.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Rational design of a triple-type HPV53/56/66 vaccine with one preferable base particle incorporating two identified immunodominant sites.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Persistence of the Immune Response to an Intramuscular Bivalent (GI.1/GII.4) Norovirus Vaccine in Adults.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Development of a broad-spectrum therapeutic Fc-nanobody for human noroviruses.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- A non-human primate model for human norovirus infection.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Comprehensive full genome analysis of norovirus strains from eastern India, 2017-2021.Gut pathogens · 2024Article
- The Impact of Norovirus on Children and Adolescents: Implications for Ongoing Vaccine Development.Current pediatrics reports · 2024Review
- Characterization of surface-exposed structural loops as insertion sites for foreign antigen delivery in calicivirus-derived VLP platform.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Noroviruses, a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, present antigenic diversity that must be considered for the development of an effective vaccine. In this study, we explored approaches to increase the broad reactivity of virus-like particle (VLP) norovirus vaccine candidates. The immunogenicity of a GII.4 "Consensus" VLP that was engineered from sequences of three genetically distinct naturally occurring GII.4 strains was examined for its ability to induce cross-reactive immune responses against different clusters of GII.4 noroviruses. Rabbits immunized with GII.4 Consensus VLPs developed high serum antibody titers against VLPs derived from a number of distinct wild-type GII.4 viruses, including some that had been circulating over 30 years ago. Because the sera exhibited low cross-reactivity with antigenically distinct GI norovirus strains, we investigated the serum antibody response to a bivalent vaccine formulation containing GI.1 (Norwalk virus) and GII.4 Consensus VLPs that was administered to animals under varying conditions. In these studies, the highest homologous and heterologous antibody titers to the bivalent vaccine were elicited following immunization of animals by the intramuscular route using Alhydrogel (Al(OH)(3)) as adjuvant. Our data indicate that the use of both genetically engineered norovirus VLPs that incorporate relevant epitopes from multiple strains and multivalent vaccine formulations increase the breadth of the immune response to diverse variants within a genotype and, thus, prove helpful in the rational design of VLP-based vaccines against human noroviruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.