ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2012
Compound 49b prevents diabetes-induced apoptosis through increased IGFBP-3 levels.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Inhibition of sortilin reduces neuronal and vascular damage after ischemia/reperfusion through reduced inflammatory and autophagy actions in retinal Müller cells.Molecular vision · 2025Article
- Semaphorin 7a regulates inflammatory mediators and permeability in retinal endothelial cells.Microvascular research · 2023Article
- Loss of cystatin C regulates permeability and inflammatory pathways in retina.Microvascular research · 2023Article
- Advances in the study of RNA-binding proteins in diabetic complications.Molecular metabolism · 2022Review
- Epac1 and PKA regulate of P2X7 and NLRP3 inflammasome proteins in the retinal vasculature.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- TNFAIP3 is anti-inflammatory in the retinal vasculature.Molecular vision · 2022Article
- The SIRT1-HMGB1 axis: Therapeutic potential to ameliorate inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Article
- Loss of TLR4 in endothelial cells but not Müller cells protects the diabetic retina.Experimental eye research · 2021Article
- Forskolin eye drops improve retinal damage from ischemia/reperfusion.Molecular vision · 2021Article
- Orai-IGFBP3 signaling complex regulates high-glucose exposure-induced increased proliferation, permeability, and migration of human coronary artery endothelial cells.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Article
- The Complex Relationship between Diabetic Retinopathy and High-Mobility Group Box: A Review of Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Review: Role of cAMP signaling in diabetic retinopathy.Molecular vision · 2020Review
- Article
- Glycyrrhizin Protects the Diabetic Retina against Permeability, Neuronal, and Vascular Damage through Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Epac1 and Glycyrrhizin Both Inhibit HMGB1 Levels to Reduce Diabetes-Induced Neuronal and Vascular Damage in the Mouse Retina.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- PKA regulates HMGB1 through activation of IGFBP-3 and SIRT1 in human retinal endothelial cells cultured in high glucose.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2018Article
- Epac1 deacetylates HMGB1 through increased IGFBP-3 and SIRT1 levels in the retinal vasculature.Molecular vision · 2018Article
- Epac1 protects the retina against ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal and vascular damage.PloS one · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine whether Compound 49b, a novel PKA-activating drug, can prevent diabetic-like changes in the rat retina through increased insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels.
methodsFor the cell culture studies, we used both human retinal endothelial cells (REC) and retinal Müller cells in either 5 mM (normal) or 25 mM (high) glucose. Cells were treated with 50 nM Compound 49b alone of following treatment with protein kinase A (PKA) siRNA or IGFBP-3 siRNA. Western blotting and ELISA analyses were done to verify PKA and IGFBP-3 knockdown, as well as to measure apoptotic markers. For animal studies, we used streptozotocin-treated rats after 2 and 8 months of diabetes. Some rats were treated topically with 1 mM Compound 49b. Analyses were done for retinal thickness, cell numbers in the ganglion cell layer, pericyte ghosts, and numbers of degenerate capillaries, as well as electroretinogram and heart morphology.
resultsCompound 49b requires active PKA and IGFBP-3 to prevent apoptosis of REC. Compound 49b significantly reduced the numbers of degenerate capillaries and pericyte ghosts, while preventing the decreased retinal thickness and loss of cells in the ganglion cell layer. Compound 49b maintained a normal electroretinogram, with no changes in blood pressure, intraocular pressure, or heart morphological changes.
conclusionsTopical Compound 49b is able to prevent diabetic-like changes in the rat retina, without producing systemic changes. Compound 49b is able to prevent REC apoptosis through increasing IGFBP-3 levels, which are reduced in response to hyperglycemia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.