ArticleNucleic acids research2012
H2A.Z.2.2 is an alternatively spliced histone H2A.Z variant that causes severe nucleosome destabilization.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetics in development, disease, and therapy: from mechanisms to clinical interventions.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- A dynamic histone-based chromatin regulatory toolkit underpins genome and developmental evolution in an invertebrate clade.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Histone variants: expanding the epigenetic potential of neurons one amino acid at a time.Trends in biochemical sciences · 2025Review
- Multifunctional histone variants in genome function.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- The "Ins and Outs and What-Abouts" of H2A.Z: A tribute to C. David Allis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Basic Epigenetic Mechanisms.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Epigenetic modulation via the C-terminal tail of H2A.Z.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The Function of H2A Histone Variants and Their Roles in Diseases.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Review
- H2A.Z is involved in premature aging and DSB repair initiation in muscle fibers.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Roles of Histone H2A Variants in Cancer Development, Prognosis, and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Histone Variants and Their Chaperones in Hematological Malignancies.HemaSphere · 2023Review
- Histone H2A variants: Diversifying chromatin to ensure genome integrity.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2023Review
- Histone variant H2A.Z modulates nucleosome dynamics to promote DNA accessibility.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The H2A.Z and NuRD associated protein HMG20A controls early head and heart developmental transcription programs.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Histone variants and chromatin structure, update of advances.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2023Review
- Characterization of the B-Cell Epitopes ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Nuclear envelope, chromatin organizers, histones, and DNA: The many achilles heels exploited across cancers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The histone variant H2A.Z has been implicated in many biological processes, such as gene regulation and genome stability. Here, we present the identification of H2A.Z.2.2 (Z.2.2), a novel alternatively spliced variant of histone H2A.Z and provide a comprehensive characterization of its expression and chromatin incorporation properties. Z.2.2 mRNA is found in all human cell lines and tissues with highest levels in brain. We show the proper splicing and in vivo existence of this variant protein in humans. Furthermore, we demonstrate the binding of Z.2.2 to H2A.Z-specific TIP60 and SRCAP chaperone complexes and its active replication-independent deposition into chromatin. Strikingly, various independent in vivo and in vitro analyses, such as biochemical fractionation, comparative FRAP studies of GFP-tagged H2A variants, size exclusion chromatography and single molecule FRET, in combination with in silico molecular dynamics simulations, consistently demonstrate that Z.2.2 causes major structural changes and significantly destabilizes nucleosomes. Analyses of deletion mutants and chimeric proteins pinpoint this property to its unique C-terminus. Our findings enrich the list of known human variants by an unusual protein belonging to the H2A.Z family that leads to the least stable nucleosome known to date.
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