ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
TGF-β converts apoptotic stimuli into the signal for Th9 differentiation.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Complex Dysregulations of CD4 T Cell Subtypes in HIV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pathogen size alters C-type lectin receptor signaling in dendritic cells to influence CD4 Th9 cell differentiation.Cell reports · 2022Article
- TGF-β1 Drives Inflammatory Th Cell But Not Treg Cell Compartment Upon Allergen Exposure.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Critical Roles of Balanced T Helper 9 Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Allergic Airway Inflammation and Tumor Immunity.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
- Th2 cells as an intermediate for the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th9 cells, associated with the Smad3/Smad4 and IRF4 pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Th9 Cell Differentiation and Its Dual Effects in Tumor Development.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- T Helper 9 Cells: A New Player in Immune-Related Diseases.DNA and cell biology · 2019Review
- Interleukin 9 alterations linked to alzheimer disease in african americans.Annals of neurology · 2019Article
- TGF-β suppresses RasGRP1 expression and supports regulatory T cell resistance against p53-induced CD28-dependent T-cell apoptosis.European journal of immunology · 2018Article
- IL-9 and Th9 cells in health and diseases-From tolerance to immunopathology.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2017Review
- Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein co-stimulation facilitates tumor regression by inducing IL-9-producing helper T cells.Nature medicine · 2015Article
- The development and in vivo function of T helper 9 cells.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2015Review
- Tumor-specific IL-9-producing CD8+ Tc9 cells are superior effector than type-I cytotoxic Tc1 cells for adoptive immunotherapy of cancers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- Th9 cells: differentiation and disease.Immunological reviews · 2013Review
- Potential of targeting TGF-β for organ transplant patients.Future medicinal chemistry · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Naturally arising CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (nTregs) have an essential role in maintenance of immune homeostasis and peripheral tolerance. Previously, we reported that conventional CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells undergo p53-induced CD28-dependent apoptosis (PICA) when stimulated with a combination of immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs, whereas nTregs expand robustly under the same conditions, suggesting that there is a differential survival mechanism against PICA between conventional T cells and nTregs. In this study, we demonstrate that TGF-β signaling is required for nTregs to survive PICA. Conversely, when an active form of exogenous TGF-β is present, conventional T cells become resistant to PICA and undergo robust expansion instead of apoptosis, with reduction of the proapoptotic protein Bim and FoxO3a. A substantial fraction of PICA-resistant T cells expressed IL-9 (T(H)9 cells). Moreover, the presence of IL-6 along with TGF-β led to the generation of T(H)17 cells from conventional T cells. Together, the data demonstrate a novel role for TGF-β in the homeostasis of regulatory T cells and effector T cell differentiation and expansion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.