ArticlePsychopharmacology2012
The effect of intermittent alcohol vapor or pulsatile heroin on somatic and negative affective indices during spontaneous withdrawal in Wistar rats.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynorphinergic neuroadaptations in the islands of Calleja: implications for alcohol use disorder.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Activation of a locus coeruleus to ventral tegmental area noradrenergic pathway blunts binge-like ethanol intake and promotes aversive unconditioned responses in TH-ires-Cre mice.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Prenatal antioxidant treatment suppresses maternal immune activation induced increases in alcohol self-administration in a sex-specific manner.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Chronic intermittent alcohol yields sex-specific disruptions in cortical-striatal-limbic oscillations in rats.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Kappa-opioid receptor antagonism in the nucleus accumbens shell distinguishes escalated alcohol consumption and negative affective-like behavior from physiological withdrawal in alcohol-dependence.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2024Article
- Opioid withdrawal: role in addiction and neural mechanisms.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Recapitulating phenotypes of alcohol dependence via overexpression of Oprk1 in the ventral tegmental area of non-dependent TH::Cre rats.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Dysregulated kappa-opioid receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex contribute to working memory deficits in alcohol dependence.Addiction biology · 2022Article
- Activation of locus coeruleus to rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) noradrenergic pathway blunts binge-like ethanol drinking and induces aversive responses in mice.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- The role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in negative reinforcement learning and plasticity in alcohol dependence.Addiction biology · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in the Neurobiology of Alcohol Use Disorder.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2020Review
- 22 kHz and 55 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations differentially influence neural and behavioral outcomes: Implications for modeling anxiety via auditory stimuli in the rat.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- Maladaptive behavioral regulation in alcohol dependence: Role of kappa-opioid receptors in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.Neuropharmacology · 2018Article
- CRFAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2017Article
- Voluntary induction and maintenance of alcohol dependence in rats using alcohol vapor self-administration.Psychopharmacology · 2017Article
- Kappa opioid receptor antagonism and chronic antidepressant treatment have beneficial activities on social interactions and grooming deficits during heroin abstinence.Addiction biology · 2017Article
- Alcohol enhances unprovoked 22-28 kHz USVs and suppresses USV mean frequency in High Alcohol Drinking (HAD-1) male rats.Behavioural brain research · 2016Article
- Dissociating Motivational From Physiological Withdrawal in Alcohol Dependence: Role of Central Amygdala κ-Opioid Receptors.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Article
- Brain DNA damage and behavioral changes after repeated intermittent acute ethanol withdrawal by young rats.Psychopharmacology · 2015Article
- Alcohol-preferring P rats emit spontaneous 22-28 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations that are altered by acute and chronic alcohol experience.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleOnce dependent on alcohol or opioids, negative affect may accompany withdrawal. Dependent individuals are hypothesized to "self-medicate" in order to cope with withdrawal, which promotes escalated alcohol and drug use.
objectivesThe current study aimed to develop a reliable animal model to assess symptoms that occur during spontaneous alcohol and opioid withdrawal.
methodsDependence was induced using intermittent alcohol exposure or pulsatile heroin delivery and assessed for the presence of withdrawal symptoms during acute withdrawal by measuring somatic signs, behavior in the forced swim test (FST), and air-puff-induced 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Additional animals subjected to 8 weeks of alcohol vapor exposure were evaluated for altered somatic signs, operant alcohol self-administration, and 22-kHz USV production, as well as performance in the elevated plus maze (EPM).
resultsDuring spontaneous withdrawal from pulsatile heroin or intermittent alcohol vapor, animals displayed increased somatic withdrawal signs, FST immobility, and 22-kHz USV production but did not show any behavioral change in the EPM unless the duration of alcohol exposure was extended to 4 weeks. Following 8 weeks of alcohol vapor exposure, animals displayed somatic withdrawal signs, escalated alcohol self-administration, and increased 22-kHz USVs.
conclusionsThese paradigms provide consistent methods to evaluate the behavioral ramifications, and neurobiological substrates, of alcohol and opioid dependence during spontaneous withdrawal. As immobility in the FST and percent open-arm time in the EPM were dissociable, with 22-kHz USVs paralleling immobility in the FST, assessment of air-puff-induced 22-kHz USVs could provide an ethologically valid alternative to the FST.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.