ArticleThe Plant cell2012
A maize cystatin suppresses host immunity by inhibiting apoplastic cysteine proteases.
Article in The Plant cell, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- The front line of defence: a meta-analysis of apoplastic proteases in plant immunity.Journal of experimental botany · 2021Pooled it
- Comparative Analysis of Lifecycle-Dependent A to I RNA Editing in Three Members of theJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Processing and release of the maize phytocytokine Zip1.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- A low-cost "plant-scanner" platform for automated detection of Ustilago maydis infection in maize using deep learning.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- CitPH4 Confers Resistance to Citrus Canker by Activating Papain-Like Cysteine Protease.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Activity-Based Profiling of Papain-like Cysteine Proteases in Different Plant Organs During Barley Development.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Identification and expression analysis of papain-like cysteine proteases gene family and response to B. cinerea stress in F. vesca.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Silenced cutters: mechanisms and effects of protease inhibition in plant-pathogen interactions.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Review
- Transcriptional and phytohormonal responses to simulated animal grazing in Leymus chinensis.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
- NIa-Pro of sugarcane mosaic virus targets Corn Cysteine Protease 1 (CCP1) to undermine salicylic acid-mediated defense in maize.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- XYLEM CYSTEINE PEPTIDASE 1 and its inhibitor CYSTATIN 6 regulate pattern-triggered immunity by modulating the stability of the NADPH oxidase RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG D.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Plant cathepsin B, a versatile protease.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- A Trojan Horse Approach Using Ustilago maydis to Study Apoplastic Maize (Zea mays) Peptides In Situ.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- XCP1 cleaves Pathogenesis-related protein 1 into CAPE9 for systemic immunity in Arabidopsis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Mechanisms controlling plant proteases and their substrates.Cell death and differentiation · 2023Review
- Peptidome and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Peptides Involved inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Multi Omics Analysis Revealed a Resistance Mechanism of Tibetan Barley (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Transcriptional repression of TaNOX10 by TaWRKY19 compromises ROS generation and enhances wheat susceptibility to stripe rust.The Plant cell · 2022Article
- Article
- Structure determinants defining the specificity of papain-like cysteine proteases.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2022Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ustilago maydis is a biotrophic pathogen causing maize (Zea mays) smut disease. Transcriptome profiling of infected maize plants indicated that a gene encoding a putative cystatin (CC9) is induced upon penetration by U. maydis wild type. By contrast, cc9 is not induced after infection with the U. maydis effector mutant Δpep1, which elicits massive plant defenses. Silencing of cc9 resulted in a strongly induced maize defense gene expression and a hypersensitive response to U. maydis wild-type infection. Consequently, fungal colonization was strongly reduced in cc9-silenced plants, while recombinant CC9 prevented salicylic acid (SA)-induced defenses. Protease activity profiling revealed a strong induction of maize Cys proteases in SA-treated leaves, which could be inhibited by addition of CC9. Transgenic maize plants overexpressing cc9-mCherry showed an apoplastic localization of CC9. The transgenic plants showed a block in Cys protease activity and SA-dependent gene expression. Moreover, activated apoplastic Cys proteases induced SA-associated defense gene expression in naïve plants, which could be suppressed by CC9. We show that apoplastic Cys proteases play a pivotal role in maize defense signaling. Moreover, we identified cystatin CC9 as a novel compatibility factor that suppresses Cys protease activity to allow biotrophic interaction of maize with the fungal pathogen U. maydis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.