ArticleEndocrinology2012
Dietary vitamin D₃ and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (calcitriol) exhibit equivalent anticancer activity in mouse xenograft models of breast and prostate cancer.
Article in Endocrinology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of vitamin D levels on risk and prognosis of ovarian cancer: a systematic review.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Pooled it
- Role of VDR gene polymorphisms and environmental factors in the development of skin cancers: evidence by updated meta-analysis.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D intake, blood 25(OH)D levels, and breast cancer risk or mortality: a meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2014Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation decreases serum 27-hydroxycholesterol in a pilot breast cancer trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2018Trial
- Randomized clinical trial of vitamin D3 doses on prostatic vitamin D metabolite levels and ki67 labeling in prostate cancer patients.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2013Trial
- Vitamin D deficiency alters prostate epithelial differentiation and increases prostate cancer aggressiveness in ex vivo and in vivo models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Vitamin D in Disease Prevention and Cure-Part I: An Update on Molecular Mechanism and Significance on Human Health.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2025Review
- The double disparity: Vitamin D deficiency and lethal prostate cancer in black men.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2025Review
- The Role of Reductive Stress in the Pathogenesis of Endocrine-Related Metabolic Diseases and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Causal effects of retinol and vitamin D on tongue cancer risk: a mendelian randomization study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Key genes of vitamin D metabolism and their roles in the risk and prognosis of cancer.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity: To What Extent Vitamin D is Beneficial.Biochemistry research international · 2025Review
- Calcitriol and Tacalcitol Modulate Th17 Differentiation Through Osteopontin Receptors: Age-Dependent Insights from a Mouse Breast Cancer Model.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Discordant Health Implications and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D in Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Prostate Cancer: A Critical Appraisal of the Literature Data.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Vitamin D and Its Receptors in Cervical Cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2024Review
- Vitamin D Fortification: A Promising Approach to Overcome Drug Resistance and Tolerance in Therapeutic Interventions.Scientifica · 2024Review
- LDH-A Inhibitor as a Remedy to Potentiate the Anticancer Effect of Docetaxel in Prostate Cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
- Vitamin D and genetic ancestry are associated with apoptosis rates in benign and malignant prostatic epithelium.The Prostate · 2023Article
- Vitamin D, Th17 Lymphocytes, and Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2022Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3) or calcitriol], the hormonally active vitamin D metabolite, exhibits anticancer actions in models of breast cancer and prostate cancer. Because CYP27B1 (1α-hydroxylase), the enzyme catalyzing 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) formation in the kidney, is also expressed in extrarenal tissues, we hypothesize that dietary vitamin D(3) will be converted to 25(OH)D(3) in the body and then to 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) locally in the cancer microenvironment in which it will exert autocrine/paracrine anticancer actions. Immunocompromised mice bearing MCF-7 breast cancer xenografts showed significant tumor shrinkage (>50%) after ingestion of a vitamin D(3)-supplemented diet (5000 IU/kg) compared with a control diet (1000 IU/kg). Dietary vitamin D(3) inhibition of tumor growth was equivalent to administered calcitriol (0.025, 0.05, or 0.1 μg/mouse, three times a week). Both treatments equivalently inhibited PC-3 prostate cancer xenograft growth but to a lesser extent than the MCF-7 tumors. Calcitriol at 0.05 μg and 0.1 μg caused modest but statistically significant increases in serum calcium levels indicating that the dietary vitamin D(3) comparison was to a maximally safe calcitriol dose. Dietary vitamin D(3) did not increase serum calcium, demonstrating its safety at the concentration tested. The vitamin D(3) diet raised circulating 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D levels and did not alter CYP27B1 mRNA in the kidney but increased it in the tumors, suggesting that extrarenal sources including the tumors contributed to the elevated circulating 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Both calcitriol and dietary vitamin D(3) were equipotent in suppressing estrogen synthesis and signaling and other proinflammatory and growth signaling pathways. These preclinical data demonstrate the potential utility of dietary vitamin D(3) supplementation in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.