ArticlePLoS biology2012
Maternal xNorrin, a canonical Wnt signaling agonist and TGF-β antagonist, controls early neuroectoderm specification in Xenopus.
Article in PLoS biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Importin-alpha transports Norrin to the nucleus to promote proliferation and Notch signaling in glioblastoma stem cells.Oncogene · 2025Article
- Norrin mediates tumor-promoting and -suppressive effects in glioblastoma via Notch and Wnt.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Tbx2 mediates dorsal patterning and germ layer suppression through inhibition of BMP/GDF and Activin/Nodal signaling.BMC molecular and cell biology · 2020Article
- Review
- Wnt Signaling in vascular eye diseases.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2019Review
- Review
- Agonists and Antagonists of TGF-β Family Ligands.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2016Review
- Neural transcription factors bias cleavage stage blastomeres to give rise to neural ectoderm.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2016Article
- Molecular specification of germ layers in vertebrate embryos.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016Review
- Article
- The DAN family: modulators of TGF-β signaling and beyond.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2014Review
- Glycoprotein hormones and their receptors emerged at the origin of metazoans.Genome biology and evolution · 2014Article
- Coco regulates dorsoventral specification of germ layers via inhibition of TGFβ signalling.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2013Article
- Neural induction and early patterning in vertebrates.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology · 2013Review
- Multi-functional norrin is a ligand for the LGR4 receptor.Journal of cell science · 2013Article
- Canonical WNT signaling regulates development of bovine embryos to the blastocyst stage.Scientific reports · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dorsal-ventral specification in the amphibian embryo is controlled by β-catenin, whose activation in all dorsal cells is dependent on maternal Wnt11. However, it remains unknown whether other maternally secreted factors contribute to β-catenin activation in the dorsal ectoderm. Here, we show that maternal Xenopus Norrin (xNorrin) promotes anterior neural tissue formation in ventralized embryos. Conversely, when xNorrin function is inhibited, early canonical Wnt signaling in the dorsal ectoderm and the early expression of the zygotic neural inducers Chordin, Noggin, and Xnr3 are severely suppressed, causing the loss of anterior structures. In addition, xNorrin potently inhibits BMP- and Nodal/Activin-related functions through direct binding to the ligands. Moreover, a subset of Norrin mutants identified in humans with Norrie disease retain Wnt activation but show defective inhibition of Nodal/Activin-related signaling in mesoderm induction, suggesting that this disinhibition causes Norrie disease. Thus, xNorrin is an unusual molecule that acts on two major signaling pathways, Wnt and TGF-β, in opposite ways and is essential for early neuroectoderm specification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.