ArticlePloS one2012
Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) reactions to antiglaucoma prostaglandins with or without BAK-preservative in rabbit acute toxicity study.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- A 6-month study comparing efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the preservative-free fixed combination of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol 0.5% versus each of its individual preservative-free components.Advances in therapy · 2014Trial
- From Eye Care to Hair Growth: Bimatoprost.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Application of Animal Models in Interpreting Dry Eye Disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Confocal Microscopy and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of the Ocular Surface and Bleb Morphology in Medically and Surgically Treated Glaucoma Patients: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Role of CD4+ T Helper Cells in the Development of BAC-Induced Dry Eye Syndrome in Mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Ocular Surface Changes in Prostaglandin Analogue-Treated Patients.Journal of ophthalmology · 2019Review
- In Vivo Effects of Preservative-free and Preserved Prostaglandin Analogs: Mouse Ocular Surface Study.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2015Article
- Excipients of preservative-free latanoprost induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in immortalized human HCE-2 corneal epithelial cells.Journal of biochemical and pharmacological research · 2014Article
- In vivo confocal microscopy of the ocular surface: from bench to bedside.Current eye research · 2014Review
- Ocular surface cytotoxicity and safety evaluation of tafluprost, a recently developed anti-glaucoma prostaglandin analog.Ophthalmology and eye diseases · 2014Review
- In vitro effects of preservative-free and preserved prostaglandin analogs on primary cultured human conjunctival fibroblast cells.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2013Article
- Article
- Subtenon triamcinolone injection for postoperative cystoid macular edema associated with tafluprost.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2013Article
- Tafluprost once daily for treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2013Article
- In vitro and in vivo experimental studies on trabecular meshwork degeneration induced by benzalkonium chloride (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis).Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) is closely associated with ocular surface immunity. This study investigated the effects of antiglaucoma prostaglandin analogs with or without benzalkonium chloride (BAK) preservative on organized CALT using an acute toxic model. A total of 48 albino rabbits were used and seven groups of treatments were constituted. Solutions (50 µl) of PBS, 0.02%BAK, (0.02%BAK+)latanoprost, (0.015%BAK+)travoprost, (0.005%BAK+)bimatoprost, (BAK-free)travoprost preserved with the SofZia® system or (BAK-free)tafluprost were instilled 15 times at 5-min intervals in both eyes. CALT changes were analyzed using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), immunohistology in cryosections for detecting MUC-5AC+ mucocytes and CD45+ hematopoietic cells. Antiglaucoma eye drops stimulated inflammatory cell infiltration in the CALT, and seemed to be primarily related to the concentration of their BAK content. The CALT reaction after instillation of BAK-containing eye drops was characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration in the dome and intrafollicular layers and by cell circulation inside the lymph vessels. CD45 was strongly expressed in the CALT after instillation of all BAK-containing solutions at 4 h and decreased at 24 h. The number of MUC-5AC+ mucocytes around the CALT structure decreased dramatically after instillation of BAK-containing solutions. This study showed for the first time the in vivo aspect of rabbit CALT after toxic stimuli, confirming the concentration-dependent toxic effects of BAK. IVCM-CALT analysis could be a pertinent tool in the future for understanding the immunotoxicologic challenges in the ocular surface and would provide useful criteria for evaluating newly developed eye drops.
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