ArticleAnnals of botany2012
Glandulocalyx upatoiensis, a fossil flower of Ericales (Actinidiaceae/Clethraceae) from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of Georgia, USA.
Article in Annals of botany, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phylogenetic analysis of fossil flowers using an angiosperm-wide data set: proof-of-concept and challenges ahead.American journal of botany · 2020Article
- Staminate flower of Prunus s. l. (Rosaceae) from Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine).Journal of plant research · 2018Article
- Two early eudicot fossil flowers from the Kamikitaba assemblage (Coniacian, Late Cretaceous) in northeastern Japan.Journal of plant research · 2017Article
- How (much) do flowers vary? Unbalanced disparity among flower functional modules and a mosaic pattern of morphospace occupation in the order Ericales.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
- The emergence of core eudicots: new floral evidence from the earliest Late Cretaceous.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2016Article
- Assessing the Fossil Record of Asterids in the Context of Our Current Phylogenetic Framework.Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Missouri Botanical Garden · 2015Article
- Carnivorous leaves from Baltic amber.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Article
- The floral morphospace--a modern comparative approach to study angiosperm evolution.The New phytologist · 2014Review
- Applying microCT and 3D visualization to Jurassic silicified conifer seed cones: A virtual advantage over thin-sectioning.Applications in plant sciences · 2013Article
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6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsEricales are a major group of extant asterid angiosperms that are well represented in the Late Cretaceous fossil record, mainly by flowers, fruits and seeds. Exceptionally well preserved fossil flowers, here described as Glandulocalyx upatoiensis gen. & sp. nov., from the Santonian of Georgia, USA, yield new detailed evidence of floral structure in one of these early members of Ericales and provide a secure basis for comparison with extant taxa.
methodsThe floral structure of several fossil specimens was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy of microtome thin sections and synchrotron-radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM). For direct comparisons with flowers of extant Ericales, selected floral features of Actinidiaceae and Clethraceae were studied with SEM. KEY
resultsFlowers of G. upatoiensis have five sepals with quincuncial aestivation, five free petals with quincuncial aestivation, 20-28 stamens arranged in a single series, extrorse anther orientation in the bud, ventral anther attachment and a tricarpellate, syncarpous ovary with three free styles and numerous small ovules on axile, protruding-diffuse and pendant placentae. The calyx is characterized by a conspicuous indumentum of large, densely arranged, multicellular and possibly glandular trichomes.
conclusionsComparison with extant taxa provides clear evidence for a relationship with core Ericales comprised of the extant families Actinidiaceae, Roridulaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Clethraceae, Cyrillaceae and Ericaceae. Within this group, the most marked similarities are with extant Actinidiaceae and, to a lesser degree, with Clethraceae. More detailed analyses of the relationships of Glandulocalyx and other Ericales from the Late Cretaceous will require an improved understanding of the morphological features that diagnose particular extant groups defined on the basis of molecular data.
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