Trial reportPloS one2012
Enhanced interleukin-1 activity contributes to exercise intolerance in patients with systolic heart failure.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01300650 (Pilot Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Anakinra), which is not on this map. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pilot Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Anakinra (Recombinant Human Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist) in Heart Failure
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anakinra in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- The Effects of Anakinra on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Heart Failure Stratified by Age in Phase II Clinical Trials.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Comparison of Safety and Biological Efficacy of Anakinra (Kineret) Dispensed in Polycarbonate Plastic versus Borosilicate Glass Syringes: A Patient-Level Analysis of VCUART2 and VCUART3 Clinical Trials.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2023Trial
- Patient Perceptions of Exertion and Dyspnea With Interleukin-1 Blockade in Patients With Recently Decompensated Systolic Heart Failure.The American journal of cardiology · 2022Trial
- Interleukin-1 Blockade Inhibits the Acute Inflammatory Response in Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Trial
- Usefulness of Canakinumab to Improve Exercise Capacity in Patients With Long-Term Systolic Heart Failure and Elevated C-Reactive Protein.The American journal of cardiology · 2018Trial
- Effects of Exercise on ASC Methylation and IL-1 Cytokines in Heart Failure.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2018Trial
- Effects of empagliflozin on cardiorespiratory fitness and significant interaction of loop diuretics.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- IL-1 Blockade in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.Circulation. Heart failure · 2018Trial
- Cytokine signatures in chronic fatigue syndrome patients: a Case Control Study and the effect of anakinra treatment.Journal of translational medicine · 2017Trial
- Interleukin-1 Blockade in Recently Decompensated Systolic Heart Failure: Results From REDHART (Recently Decompensated Heart Failure Anakinra Response Trial).Circulation. Heart failure · 2017Trial
- Interleukin-1 Blockade in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2016Trial
- Leukocyte activity in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction treated with anakinra.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2014Trial
- Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (from the D-HART pilot study).The American journal of cardiology · 2014Trial
- Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome to mitigate chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: advances in selective inhibitors and natural modulators.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis: mechanisms, manifestations and management.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and advances in targeted drug research.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Inflammation in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: key roles and underlying mechanisms-a comprehensive review.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Heart failure decompensation with cardiogenic shock exhibits distinct sequential inflammatory profiles.ESC heart failure · 2025Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHeart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by impaired cardiac function and poor exercise tolerance. Enhanced inflammation is associated with worsening outcomes in HF patients and may play a direct role in disease progression. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that becomes chronically elevated in HF and exerts putative negative inotropic effects. METHODS AND
resultsWe developed a model of IL-1β-induced left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in healthy mice that exhibited a 32% reduction in LV fractional shortening (P<0.001) and a 76% reduction in isoproterenol response (P<0.01) at 4 hours following a single dose of IL-1β 3 mcg/kg. This phenotype was reproducible in mice injected with plasma from HF patients and fully preventable by pretreatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra). This led to the design and conduct of a pilot clinical to test the effect of anakinra on cardiopulmonary exercise performance in patients with HF and evidence of elevated inflammatory signaling (n = 7). The median peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)) improved from 12.3 [10.0, 15.2] to 15.1 [13.7, 19.3] mL · kg(-1) · min(-1) (P = 0.016 vs. baseline) and median ventilator efficiency (V(E)/VCO(2) slope) improved from 28.1 [22.8, 31.7] to 24.9 [22.9, 28.3] (P = 0.031 vs. baseline).
conclusionsThese findings suggest that IL-1β activity contributes to poor exercise tolerance in patients with systolic HF and identifies IL-1β blockade as a novel strategy for pharmacologic intervention.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01300650.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.