ArticleGlobalization and health2012
Is the Brazilian pharmaceutical policy ensuring population access to essential medicines?
Article in Globalization and health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Access to Essential Medicines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Barriers and Facilitators.International journal of public health · 2026Pooled it
- A multi-state cross-sectional assessment of essential medicine availability in Sudan during armed conflict.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Practices in the prescription of antiseizure medications: is it time to change?Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2024Article
- The internationalization of TCM towards Portuguese-speaking countries.Chinese medicine · 2021Review
- Evaluation of availability, price, and affordability of cardiovascular, diabetes, and global medicines in Abuja, Nigeria.PloS one · 2021Article
- Availability of Essential Medicines in a Country in Conflict: A Quantitative Insight from Yemen.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Institutional strategies as a mechanism to rationalize the negative effects of the judicialization of access to medicine in Brazil.BMC health services research · 2020Article
- Consumption and Lack of Access to Medicines and Associated Factors in the Brazilian Amazon: A Cross-Sectional Study, 2019.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Need and Distribution of National Essential Medicines List in Village Clinics: A Cross-sectional Study Based on the Perspective of Village Doctors in China.Current medical science · 2019Article
- Administrative cases: an effective alternative to lawsuits in assuring access to medicines?BMC public health · 2019Article
- Brazilian generics market change after Farmácia Popular program.Revista de saude publica · 2019Article
- The Brazilian private pharmaceutical market after the first ten years of the generics law.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2019Article
- Trade agreements and drug access: assessment of the impact of the 2009 Peruvian new drug policy on anti-infectives registration and availability.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2018Article
- Policy approaches to improve availability and affordability of medicines in Mexico - an example of a middle income country.Globalization and health · 2017Article
- Corporate social responsibility to improve access to medicines: the case of Brazil.Globalization and health · 2017Article
- Applying a health system perspective to the evolving Farmácia Popular medicines access programme in Brazil.BMJ global health · 2017Review
- Use of generic medicines by the Brazilian population: an evaluation of PNAUM 2014.Revista de saude publica · 2016Article
- Free access to medicines for the treatment of chronic diseases in Brazil.Revista de saude publica · 2016Article
- Globalization and Health: developing the journal to advance the field.Globalization and health · 2016Article
- A survey of the availability, prices and affordability of essential medicines in Jiangsu Province, China.BMC health services research · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo evaluate medicine prices, availability and affordability in Brazil, considering the differences across three types of medicines (originator brands, generics and similar medicines) and different types of facilities (private pharmacies, public sector pharmacies and "popular pharmacies").
methodsData on prices and availability of 50 medicines were collected in 56 pharmacies across six cities in Southern Brazil using the World Health Organization / Health Action International methodology. Median prices obtained were divided by international reference prices to derive the median price ratio (MPR).
resultsIn the private sector, prices were 8.6 MPR for similar medicines, 11.3 MRP for generics and 18.7 MRP for originator brands, respectively. Mean availability was 65%, 74% and 48% for originator brands, generics and similar medicines, respectively. In the public sector, mean availability of similar medicines was 2-7 times higher than that of generics. Mean overall availability in the public sector ranged from 68.8% to 81.7%. In "popular pharmacies", mean availability was greater than 90% in all cities.
conclusionsAvailability of medicines in the public sector does not meet the challenge of supplying essential medicines to the entire population, as stated in the Brazilian constitution. This has unavoidable repercussions for affordability, particularly amongst the lower socio-economic strata.
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Registered trials
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