ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2012
Diagnosis of dystonic syndromes--a new eight-question approach.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deutetrabenazine in Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders: VMAT2 Modulation From Choreiform Disorders to Hyperkinetic Dystonic Syndromes.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2026Review
- Crossing barriers: a multidisciplinary approach to children and adults with young-onset movement disorders.Journal of clinical movement disorders · 2018Article
- A Beautician's Dystonia: Long-Lasting Effect of Botulinum Toxin.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2014Article
- Striatal dopamine D1-like receptor binding is unchanged in primary focal dystonia.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2013Article
- Engineering animal models of dystonia.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dystonia is a syndrome of abnormal involuntary movements that are repetitive, twisting or patterned, and can result in abnormal postures. Dystonia may be generalized or focal, and can occur as a primary syndrome or secondary to another disease--over 50 clinical conditions are reported to cause dystonia. Classification of dystonia is based on genetic background, anatomical distribution, age at onset, and neurodegenerative processes. In many cases, manifestations of dystonia are identical regardless of the aetiology, which makes accurate diagnosis challenging, if not impossible, without additional investigations. Exhaustive lists of the causes of dystonia are not practical to aid clinicians when attempting to determine if a hyperkinetic movement can be diagnosed as dystonic. The existing diagnostic algorithms for dystonic syndromes rely on the clinician's experience, without a streamlined diagnostic pathway. Non-specialist clinicians and neurologists may, therefore, find diagnosis of dystonic syndromes difficult. In this Review, an eight-question approach is proposed, with a summary of the evidence for investigations that enable successful diagnosis of dystonic syndromes. The aim of this approach is to inform both specialists and general neurologists on the appropriate diagnostic test for each patient who presents with a possible dystonic syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.