ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2012
The relationship of major depressive disorder and gender to changes in smoking for current and former smokers: longitudinal evaluation in the US population.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03603340 (Efficacy, Safety and Toxicology of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems as an Aid for Smoking Cessation), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy, Safety and Toxicology of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems as an Aid for Smoking Cessation (ESTxENDS Trial)- the Depression Substudy of ESTxENDS
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Smoking cessation for improving mental health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV and AIDS.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Smoking cessation interventions for smokers with current or past depression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- The effects of varenicline, bupropion, nicotine patch, and placebo on smoking cessation among smokers with major depression: A randomized clinical trial.Depression and anxiety · 2022Trial
- A two-site, two-arm, 34-week, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial of reduced nicotine cigarettes in smokers with mood and/or anxiety disorders: trial design and protocol.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- The DRD4 exon III VNTR, bupropion, and associations with prospective abstinence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Trial
- Interaction of serum resistin and smoking behavior in predicting depression risk: a sex-sensitive analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Disparities in Healthcare and HBV Vaccination by Smoking Status: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Consideration of sex and gender differences in addiction medication response.Biology of sex differences · 2022Review
- Prediction of Probable Major Depressive Disorder in the Taiwan Biobank: An Integrated Machine Learning and Genome-Wide Analysis Approach.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Psychiatric comorbidities in a comparative effectiveness smoking cessation trial: Relations with cessation success, treatment response, and relapse risk factors.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Impact of Referral Sources and Waiting Times on the Failure to Quit Smoking: One-Year Follow-Up of an Italian Cohort Admitted to a Smoking Cessation Service.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Tailored Versus Generic Knowledge Brokering to Integrate Mood Management Into Smoking Cessation Interventions in Primary Care Settings: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2018Article
- A randomized controlled pilot trial of a smoking cessation intervention for US women living with HIV: telephone-based video call vs voice call.International journal of women's health · 2018Article
- Depression Among Non-Daily Smokers Compared to Daily Smokers and Never-Smokers in the United States: An Emerging Problem.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Article
- Brain circuitry associated with the development of substance use in bipolar disorder and preliminary evidence for sexual dimorphism in adolescents.Journal of neuroscience research · 2017Article
- Persistent smoking after a cardiovascular event: A nationwide retrospective study in Korea.PloS one · 2017Article
- Changes in cigarette smoking initiation, cessation, and relapse among U.S. adults: a comparison of two longitudinal samples.Tobacco induced diseases · 2017Article
- Acculturation, Depression, and Smoking Cessation: a trajectory pattern recognition approach.Tobacco induced diseases · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsAlthough depression and smoking are correlated highly, the relationship of major depressive disorder (MDD) to smoking cessation and relapse remains unclear. This study compared changes in smoking for current and former smokers with and without current and life-time MDD over a 3-year period.
designAnalysis of two waves of longitudinal data from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (wave 1, 2001-02; wave 2, 2004-05).
settingData were collected through face-to-face interviews from non-institutionalized United States civilians, aged 18 years and older, in 50 states and the District of Columbia.
participantsA total of 11 973 adults (54% male) classified as current or former daily smokers at wave 1 and completed wave 2. MEASUREMENTS: Classification as current or former smokers at wave 1 and wave 2.
findingsSmoking status remained stable for most participants. Wave 1 current daily smokers with current MDD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.85] and life-time MDD (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.01) were more likely than those without the respective diagnosis to report continued smoking at wave 2. Wave 1 former daily smokers with current MDD (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.76) were less likely to report continued abstinence at wave 2. None of the gender × MDD diagnosis interactions were significant. Patterns of results remained similar when analyses were limited to smokers with nicotine dependence.
conclusionsCurrent and life-time major depressive disorders are associated with a lower likelihood of quitting smoking and current major depressive disorder is associated with greater likelihood of smoking relapse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.