ArticleSleep medicine2012
Risk factors for incident chronic insomnia: a general population prospective study.
Article in Sleep medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 268 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Sleep Quality and Macronutrient Distribution: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological Treatment for Elderly Individuals With Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Internet-Guided Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Among Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Telehealth group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in primary brain tumor: Primary outcomes from a single-arm phase II feasibility and proof-of-concept trial.Neuro-oncology · 2024Trial
- A pilot feasibility trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia in people with inflammatory bowel disease.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Six-Month Diet Intervention on Sleep among Overweight and Obese Men with Chronic Insomnia Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2016Trial
- Self-efficacy in Insomnia Symptom Management after Digital CBT-I Mediates Insomnia Severity during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Behavioral sleep medicineTrial
- Sleep and obesity-known interactions and open questions.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Review
- Cancer-related clinically important sleep disturbance in head and neck cancer survivors: longitudinal findings from the head and neck 5000 prospective clinical cohort.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Joint Effects of Workplace and Everyday Discrimination on Sleep Disturbances: A 9-Year Prospective Cohort Study in U.S. Employees.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Insomnia and Hypertension: Importance of Objective Phenotyping and Comorbidity with Sleep Apnea.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- To advance sleep science, let's study change.Sleep · 2026Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea comorbid with insomnia symptoms and objective short sleep duration is associated with incident hypertension.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of four patient-reported outcome measures for sleep assessment: a construct validity study using Rasch analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of Altered Sleep Duration on Sleep Bruxism.Cureus · 2025Article
- Neighborhood social vulnerability as a mediator of racial disparities in insomnia severity.Sleep health · 2025Article
- Article
- Lifetime history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is associated with shorter sleep duration and more sleep disturbance in midlife: results from the Project Viva women's health cohort.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe few population-based, prospective studies that have examined risk factors of incident insomnia were limited by small sample size, short follow-up, and lack of data on medical disorders or polysomnography. We prospectively examined the associations between demographics, behavioral factors, psychiatric and medical disorders, and polysomnography with incident chronic insomnia.
methodsFrom a random, general population sample of 1741 individuals of the adult Penn State Sleep Cohort, 1395 were followed-up after 7.5 years. Only subjects without chronic insomnia at baseline (n = 1246) were included in this study. Structured medical and psychiatric history, personality testing, and 8-h polysomnography were obtained at baseline. Structured sleep history was obtained at baseline and follow-up.
resultsIncidence of chronic insomnia was 9.3%, with a higher incidence in women (12.9%) than in men (6.2%). Younger age (20-35 years), non-white ethnicity, and obesity increased the risk of chronic insomnia. Poor sleep and mental health were stronger predictors of incident chronic insomnia compared to physical health. Higher scores in MMPI-2, indicating maladaptive personality traits, and excessive use of coffee at baseline predicted incident chronic insomnia. Polysomnographic variables, such as short sleep duration or sleep apnea, did not predict incident chronic insomnia.
conclusionMental health, poor sleep, and obesity, but not sleep apnea, are significant risk factors for incident chronic insomnia. Focusing on these more vulnerable groups and addressing the modifiable risk factors may help reduce the incident of chronic insomnia, a common and chronic sleep disorder associated with significant medical and psychiatric morbidity and mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.