ArticleCell host & microbe2012
Autophagy protein Rubicon mediates phagocytic NADPH oxidase activation in response to microbial infection or TLR stimulation.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)Autophagy · 2021Guideline
- Canonical and noncanonical autophagy in immunity.Immunity · 2026Review
- NADPH oxidases in immunometabolism and disease pathology: mechanistic networks, pollutant triggers, and therapeutic frontiers.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- RANKL inhibits macrophage proinflammatory Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and impairs killing of intracellular bacteria.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- RAB5c orchestrates LC3-associated phagocytosis to promote microbicidal function of macrophages.Science advances · 2026Article
- Rubicon modulates neuroimmune responses following traumatic brain injury.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Platelet Rubicon Bidirectional Regulation of GPVI and Integrin αIIbβ3 Signaling Mitigates Stroke Infarction Without Compromising Hemostasis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Role of Rubicon in platelets: a promoter of thrombosis but not an autophagy repressor.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Pneumolysin-dependent and independent non-canonical autophagy processes mediate host defense against pneumococcal infection.Autophagy · 2025Article
- ENKD1 attenuates antibacterial immunity by facilitating TRIM21-mediated RUBCN degradation to suppress LC3-associated phagocytosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Balancing immunity: disease risk mutation can be beneficial.Trends in immunology · 2025Article
- Interplay of Oxidative Stress, Autophagy, and Rubicon in Ovarian Follicle Dynamics: Orchestrating Ovarian Aging.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- NADPH oxidases: redox regulation of cell homeostasis and disease.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Elimination of intra-hepatocytic malaria parasites is driven by non-canonical autophagy but not nitric oxide production.iScience · 2025Article
- Rubicon, a Key Molecule for Oxidative Stress-Mediated DNA Damage, in Ovarian Granulosa Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- RAB5c controls the assembly of non-canonical autophagy machinery to promote phagosome maturation and microbicidal function of macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- PDCD6 regulates lactate metabolism to modulate LC3-associated phagocytosis and antibacterial defense.Nature communications · 2024Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Phagocytosis and autophagy are two important and related arms of the host's first-line defense against microbial invasion. Rubicon is a RUN domain containing cysteine-rich protein that functions as part of a Beclin-1-Vps34-containing autophagy complex. We report that Rubicon is also an essential, positive regulator of the NADPH oxidase complex. Upon microbial infection or Toll-like-receptor 2 (TLR2) activation, Rubicon interacts with the p22phox subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex, facilitating its phagosomal trafficking to induce a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines. Consequently, ectopic expression or depletion of Rubicon profoundly affected ROS, inflammatory cytokine production, and subsequent antimicrobial activity. Rubicon's actions in autophagy and in the NADPH oxidase complex are functionally and genetically separable, indicating that Rubicon functions in two ancient innate immune machineries, autophagy and phagocytosis, depending on the environmental stimulus. Rubicon may thus be pivotal to generating an optimal intracellular immune response against microbial infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.