ArticleCell death & disease2012
HIV-1 Tat protein directly induces mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and inactivates cytochrome c oxidase.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenomic characterization of locally advanced anal cancer: a radiation therapy oncology group 98-11 specimen study.Diseases of the colon and rectum · 2014Trial
- ER Stress Regulates HIV Tat and Alcohol-Induced NLRP6 Activation in Astrocytes.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- HIV-1 Tat and gp120 as key drivers of neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging, HIV, and Long COVID: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Article
- HIV-1 Tat Impairment of Mitochondrial Respiration via Complexes I and II Can Be Ameliorated by Allopregnanolone in Opioid-Exposed or Opioid-Naïve Cells and Mice.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Essential Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Proteome-wide characterization of PTMs reveals host cell responses to viral infection and identifies putative antiviral drug targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Longitudinal changes in mitochondrial-associated measures and insulin resistance in youth with perinatally-acquired HIV in the U.S.Mitochondrion · 2024Article
- ROS Chronicles in HIV Infection: Genesis of Oxidative Stress, Associated Pathologies, and Therapeutic Strategies.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Oxidative phosphorylation in HIV-1 infection: impacts on cellular metabolism and immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Comparative Analysis of Differential Cellular Transcriptome and Proteome Regulation by HIV-1 and HIV-2 Pseudovirions in the Early Phase of Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- Clearance of HIV-1 or SIV reservoirs by promotion of apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy: Targeting intracellular molecules in cure-directed strategies.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- Morphine disrupts macrophage functions even during HIV infection.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Article
- Viral-mediated activation and inhibition of programmed cell death.PLoS pathogens · 2022Review
- Novel role of COX6c in the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and diseases.Cell death discovery · 2022Review
- Insights Into the Role of Mortalin in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Dysregulation of host cell calcium signaling during viral infections: Emerging paradigm with high clinical relevance.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Trans-activator protein (Tat) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pleiotropic protein involved in different aspects of AIDS pathogenesis. As a number of viral proteins Tat is suspected to disturb mitochondrial function. We prepared pure synthetic full-length Tat by native chemical ligation (NCL), and Tat peptides, to evaluate their direct effects on isolated mitochondria. Submicromolar doses of synthetic Tat cause a rapid dissipation of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ(m)) as well as cytochrome c release in mitochondria isolated from mouse liver, heart, and brain. Accordingly, Tat decreases substrate oxidation by mitochondria isolated from these tissues, with oxygen uptake being initially restored by adding cytochrome c. The anion-channel inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) protects isolated mitochondria against Tat-induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP), whereas ruthenium red, a ryanodine receptor blocker, does not. Pharmacologic inhibitors of the permeability transition pore, Bax/Bak inhibitors, and recombinant Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL proteins do not reduce Tat-induced MMP. We finally observed that Tat inhibits cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in disrupted mitochondria isolated from liver, heart, and brain of both mouse and human samples, making it the first described viral protein to be a potential COX inhibitor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.