Trial reportJournal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine2012
Glucose metabolism in the insula and cingulate is affected by systemic inflammation in humans.
Trial report in Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathophysiological mechanisms of post-exertional malaise: an integrative analysis based on the metabolism-immune-neuro interaction model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Functional neuroanatomy of peripheral inflammatory physiology: A meta-analysis of human neuroimaging studies.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Systemic inflammation enhances stimulant-induced striatal dopamine elevation in tobacco smokers.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2022Trial
- Dynamic alterations in the central glutamatergic status following food and glucose intake:Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2021Trial
- Impact of ibuprofen and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma on emotion-related neural activation: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Trial
- Systemic inflammation enhances stimulant-induced striatal dopamine elevation.Translational psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Interleukins in Major Depressive Disorder: Lessons From Autoimmune Diseases and Pathways to Clinical Translation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Inflammatory models of depression in rodents and humans.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Structural and functional brain correlates of the neutrophil- and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in neuropsychiatric disorders.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Unveiling the interoception impairment in various major depressive disorder stages.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Molecular pathways underlying lung-brain axis signaling in asthma: Relevance for psychopathology and neuroinflammation.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Inflammation-Related Functional and Structural Dysconnectivity as a Pathway to Psychopathology.Biological psychiatry · 2023Review
- Neuroinflammation mechanisms of neuromodulation therapies for anxiety and depression.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Increased Inflammation and Treatment of Depression: From Resistance to Reuse, Repurposing, and Redesign.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Article
- Insular dysfunction of interoception in major depressive disorder: from the perspective of neuroimaging.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- The role of the immune system in posttraumatic stress disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2022Review
- Impaired neurovascular coupling and cognitive deficits in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Article
- Choices of (in)action in obesity: Implications for research on treatment and prevention.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The Link Between Energy-Related Sensations and Metabolism: Implications for Treating Fatigue.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledDepression is associated with systemic inflammation, and the systemic inflammation caused by endotoxin administration elicits mild depressive symptoms such as fatigue and reduced interest. The neural correlates of depressive symptoms that result from systemic inflammation are poorly defined. The aim of this study was to use (18)F-FDG PET to identify brain regions involved in the response to endotoxin administration in humans.
methodsNine healthy subjects received double-blind endotoxin (0.8 ng/kg) and placebo on different days. (18)F-FDG PET was used to measure differences in the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose in the following regions of interest: insula, cingulate, and amygdala. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were used to gauge the systemic inflammatory response, and depressive symptoms were measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and other scales.
resultsEndotoxin administration was associated with an increase in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, increased fatigue, reduced social interest, increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, higher normalized glucose metabolism (NGM) in the insula, and, at a trend level, lower NGM in the cingulate. Secondary analyses of insula and cingulate subregions indicated that these changes were driven by the right anterior insula and the right anterior cingulate. There was a negative correlation between peak cytokine levels and change in social interest and between peak cytokine levels and change in insula NGM. There was a positive correlation between the change in NGM in the insula and change in social interest.
conclusionSystemic inflammation in humans causes an increase in depressive symptoms and concurrent changes in glucose metabolism in the insula and cingulate-brain regions that are involved in interoception, positive emotionality, and motivation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.