Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22413839›Full record

ArticleInfectious agents and cancer2012

A case-control study of Burkitt lymphoma in East Africa: are local health facilities an appropriate source of representative controls?

Sonya Baik, Mike Mbaziira, Makeda Williams, Martin D Ogwang, Tobias Kinyera, Benjamin Emmanuel, John L Ziegler, Steven J Reynolds, Sam M Mbulaiteye

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious agents and cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Burkitt lymphoma in adolescents and young adults: management challenges.Adolescent health, medicine and therapeutics · 2017
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Burkitt Lymphoma: beyond discoveries.Infectious agents and cancer · 2013
    Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Sonya BaikInfections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. mbulaits@mail.nih.gov.
Mike Mbaziira
Makeda Williams
Martin D Ogwang
Tobias Kinyera
Benjamin Emmanuel
John L Ziegler
Steven J Reynolds
Sam M Mbulaiteye
National Cancer Institute · USSt. Mary's Hospital Lacor · UGNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

Epidemiology and Natural History of Cancer-Associated VirusesZIACP010176 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI MBULAITEYE, SAM M · 2009 to 2025
$33.7M
Infections, immunity, and inflammation in cancerZIACP010150 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI ENGELS, ERIC A · 2009 to 2025
$24.0M
International Center for Excellence in Research (ICER) in Uganda: Impact of ARVsZIAAI001040 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI REYNOLDS, STEVEN · 2009 to 2025
$23.5M
CLINICAL/IMMUNOLOGIC/GENETIC ANALYSES OF AUTOIMMUNE LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROMEZ01AI000732 · NIAID · NIAID EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES · PI RAO, VEMULKONDA · 1995 to 2008
$1.1M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA CP010150
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe investigated the feasibility and appropriateness of enrolling controls for Burkitt lymphoma (BL) from local health facilities in two regions in Uganda.

methodsBL case data were compiled from two local hospitals with capacity to diagnose and treat BL in North-west and North-central regions of Uganda during 1997 to 2009. Local health facility data were compiled from children attending four representative local health facilities in the two regions over a two week period in May/June 2010. Age and sex patterns of BL cases and children at local facilities were compared and contrasted using frequency tables.

resultsThere were 999 BL cases diagnosed in the study area (92% of all BL cases treated at the hospitals): 64% were from North-central and 36% from North-west region. The mean age of BL cases was 7.0 years (standard deviation [SD] 3.0). Boys were younger than girls (6.6 years versus 7.2 years, P = 0.004) and cases from North-central region were younger than cases from North-west region (6.8 years versus 7.3 years, P = 0.014). There were 1012 children recorded at the four local health facilities: 91% at facilities in North-central region and 9% from facilities in North-west region. Daily attendance varied between 1 to 75 children per day. The mean age of children at health facilities was 2.2 years (SD 2.8); it did not differ by sex. Children at North-central region facilities were younger than children at North-west region facilities (1.8 years versus 6.6 years, P < 0.001).

conclusionsWhile many children attend local health facilities, confirming feasibility of obtaining controls, their mean age is much lower than BL cases. Health facilities may be suitable for obtaining young, but not older, controls.

Identifiers

PMID22413839
PMCPMC3325896
OpenAlexW2096284098

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.