ArticlePloS one2012
Characterization of Salmonella type III secretion hyper-activity which results in biofilm-like cell aggregation.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salmonellosis as a One Health-One Biofilm Challenge: Biofilm Formation byPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unravelling the Persistence of the Rare SerovarPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characterization of a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lineage with rough colony morphology and multidrug resistance.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The effect of ArcA on the growth, motility, biofilm formation, and virulence of Plesiomonas shigelloides.BMC microbiology · 2021Article
- Phenotypes, transcriptome, and novel biofilm formation associated with the ydcI gene.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2020Article
- TheApplied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Transfer and analysis of Salmonella pdu genes in a range of Gram-negative bacteria demonstrate exogenous microcompartment expression across a variety of species.Microbial biotechnology · 2018Article
- The Ecological Role of Type Three Secretion Systems in the Interaction of Bacteria with Fungi in Soil and Related Habitats Is Diverse and Context-Dependent.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- Influence of prgH on the Persistence of Ingested Salmonella enterica in the Leafhopper Macrosteles quadrilineatus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Type III Secretion System Translocon Component EseB Forms Filaments on and Mediates Autoaggregation of and Biofilm Formation by Edwardsiella tarda.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Intra- and inter-species interactions within biofilms of important foodborne bacterial pathogens.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- What makes Xanthomonas albilineans unique amongst xanthomonads?Frontiers in plant science · 2015Review
- Biofilm formation by enteric pathogens and its role in plant colonization and persistence.Microbial biotechnology · 2014Review
- The type III protein secretion system contributes to Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri biofilm formation.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- The SPI-1-like Type III secretion system: more roles than you think.Frontiers in plant science · 2014Review
- Distribution of six effector protein virulence genes among Salmonella enterica enterica serovars isolated from children and their correlation with biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2013Article
- Salmonella pathogenicity island 1(SPI-1) at work.Current microbiology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have previously reported the cloning of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SPI-1 secretion system and the use of this clone to functionally complement a ΔSPI-1 strain for type III secretion activity. In the current study, we discovered that S. Typhimurium cultures containing cloned SPI-1 display an adherent biofilm and cell clumps in the media. This phenotype was associated with hyper-expression of SPI-1 type III secretion functions. The biofilm and cell clumps were associated with copious amounts of secreted SPI-1 protein substrates SipA, SipB, SipC, SopB, SopE, and SptP. We used a C-terminally FLAG-tagged SipA protein to further demonstrate SPI-1 substrate association with the cell aggregates using fluorescence microscopy and immunogold electron microscopy. Different S. Typhimurium backgrounds and both flagellated and nonflagellated strains displayed the biofilm phenotype. Mutations in genes essential for known bacterial biofilm pathways (bcsA, csgBA, bapA) did not affect the biofilms formed here indicating that this phenomenon is independent of established biofilm mechanisms. The SPI-1-mediated biofilm was able to massively recruit heterologous non-biofilm forming bacteria into the adherent cell community. The results indicate a bacterial aggregation phenotype mediated by elevated SPI-1 type III secretion activity with applications for engineered biofilm formation, protein purification strategies, and antigen display.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.