ArticlePloS one2012
Expression patterns of genes involved in sugar metabolism and accumulation during apple fruit development.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 393 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and expression analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in pomegranate (PeerJ · 2022Pooled it
- Allelic variation in the thioredoxin TRX-M4 influences carbon partitioning to control soluble sugar content in apple fruit.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Fructans and Fructooligosaccharides in Plants and Fruits: Metabolism, Functional Roles, and Emerging Biotechnological Opportunities.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Identification and Drought-Responsive Expression Analysis of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Promoter variation affects binding affinity of the transcription factor MdWRKY20 to theHorticulture research · 2026Article
- A bittersweet symphony: genetic insights into cider apple fruit quality.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Environmental conditions and ecological interactions among microorganisms isolated from diseased samples shape their biocontrol efficacy againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
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- Fruitlet carbohydrate status and relative growth rate explain apple abscission rates irrespective of flower position.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Integrative Multi-Omics Reveals Quality Markers and Metabolic Pathways Across Genotype and Ripening Gradients in High-AltitudeFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Growth regulation during early fruit development in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.): a temporal event map of transcriptome and phytohormone changes.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Mango Fructokinases Inhibit Sugar Accumulation and Enhance Energy Metabolism in Transgenic Tomato.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comprehensive genomic and phenotypic analyses reveal the genetic basis of fruit quality in litchi.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the Invertase Genes Involved in Sugar Metabolism and Accumulation inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Hexokinase Gene Family Under Abiotic Stress in Tomato.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Sugar and Hormone Signaling Pathways Mediating Flower Induction in Pitaya (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The sucrose synthase gene family in blueberry (Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Sustained carbon import supports sugar accumulation and anthocyanin biosynthesis during fruit development and ripening in blueberry (Vaccinium ashei).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Identification of key gene networks controlling organic acid and sugar metabolism during star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) development.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Full-length transcriptome sequencing of pepper fruit during development and construction of a transcript variation database.Horticulture research · 2024Article
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both sorbitol and sucrose are imported into apple fruit from leaves. The metabolism of sorbitol and sucrose fuels fruit growth and development, and accumulation of sugars in fruit is central to the edible quality of apple. However, our understanding of the mechanisms controlling sugar metabolism and accumulation in apple remains quite limited. We identified members of various gene families encoding key enzymes or transporters involved in sugar metabolism and accumulation in apple fruit using homology searches and comparison of their expression patterns in different tissues, and analyzed the relationship of their transcripts with enzyme activities and sugar accumulation during fruit development. At the early stage of fruit development, the transcript levels of sorbitol dehydrogenase, cell wall invertase, neutral invertase, sucrose synthase, fructokinase and hexokinase are high, and the resulting high enzyme activities are responsible for the rapid utilization of the imported sorbitol and sucrose for fruit growth, with low levels of sugar accumulation. As the fruit continues to grow due to cell expansion, the transcript levels and activities of these enzymes are down-regulated, with concomitant accumulation of fructose and elevated transcript levels of tonoplast monosaccharide transporters (TMTs), MdTMT1 and MdTMT2; the excess carbon is converted into starch. At the late stage of fruit development, sucrose accumulation is enhanced, consistent with the elevated expression of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), MdSPS5 and MdSPS6, and an increase in its total activity. Our data indicate that sugar metabolism and accumulation in apple fruit is developmentally regulated. This represents a comprehensive analysis of the genes involved in sugar metabolism and accumulation in apple, which will serve as a platform for further studies on the functions of these genes and subsequent manipulation of sugar metabolism and fruit quality traits related to carbohydrates.
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