ReviewNeurology2012
The evidence for a role of B cells in multiple sclerosis.
Review in Neurology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Elusive B Cell Antigen in Multiple Sclerosis: Time to Rethink CNS B Cell Functions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D and depression in adults: A systematic review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Absence of antibodies against KIR4.1 in multiple sclerosis: A three-technique approach and systematic review.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis: Getting to the Core.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Design and Synthesis of MBP-Fc-Bifunctional Peptide Inhibitor to ImproveMolecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The emerging role of B cells in immune-mediated demyelinating diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From Demyelination to Intervention: Natural Compounds as Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Sclerosis Neuroinflammation.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Familial multiple sclerosis is associated with accelerated progression to secondary progressive phase: a retrospective single-center cohort study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Multiple sclerosis: an immune attack on astrocyte-mediated ion and water homeostasis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Remyelination as a therapeutic target in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.AIMS neuroscience · 2025Review
- Effect of Diet and Dietary Patterns on the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review.Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture · 2025Review
- The presence of Mott cells in the lymph nodes of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2024Article
- Immune response profiling of HERV-W envelope proteins in multiple sclerosis: potential biomarkers for disease progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Carboxymethyllysine and carboxyethyllysine in multiple sclerosis patients.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- How Early Is Early Multiple Sclerosis?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- PALM: a powerful and adaptive latent model for prioritizing risk variants with functional annotations.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Ocrelizumab effect on humoral and cellular immunity in multiple sclerosis and its clinical correlates: a 3-year observational study.Journal of neurology · 2023Observational
- Unmet Needs and Treatment of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis in Saudi Arabia: Focus on the Role of Ofatumumab.Neurology and therapy · 2022Article
- Increased Intrathecal Activity of Follicular Helper T Cells in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the pathogenesis of complex immunologic disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging. Abnormalities in many different cell types are observed in the immune system and CNS of patients with MS and the identification of the primary and secondary events is difficult. Recent studies suggest that the model of MS as a disorder mediated only by T cells is overly simplistic and propose an important role for B cells in the propagation of the disease. B-cell activation in the form of oligoclonal bands (OCB) production is the most consistent immunologic finding in patients with MS. Notably, markers of B-cell activation within the CSF of patients with MS predict conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to clinically definite MS and correlate with MRI activity, onset of relapses, and disability progression. In addition, the main genetic risk factor in MS is associated with OCB production, and environmental agents associated with MS susceptibility (vitamin D and the Epstein-Barr virus) influence B-cell proliferation and function. Finally, the only cell-specific treatments that are effective in patients with MS are monoclonal antibodies targeting the B-cell antigen CD20, suggesting a potentially causative role for B cells. Based on current evidence there is no longer doubt that B cells are relevant to the etiology and pathogenesis of MS. Elucidating the role of B cells in MS will be a fruitful strategy for disease prevention and treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.