Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22406114›Full record

ReviewHormones and behavior2012

Pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hormones alter immune responses and disease pathogenesis.

Dionne P Robinson, Sabra L Klein

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Hormones and behavior, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03664128 (Pregnancy and Anxious Thoughts), which is not on this map. Cited by 372 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
372citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
12.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03664128 completednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Pregnancy and Anxious Thoughts: The Role of the Immune and Endocrine Systems

TypeobservationalSponsorJohns Hopkins UniversityRan2016 to 2022Enrolled157ConditionsPerinatal AnxietyArmsCoping with Anxiety through Living Mindfully (CALM) Pregnancy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

372 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 692 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026
    Review
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312 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Dionne P RobinsonThe W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Sabra L Klein
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Sex Differences in Protective Immunity Against Influenza A VirusesR21AI090344 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI KLEIN, SABRA L. · 2010 to 2011
$449k
Gender Factors Influencing Susceptability to InfluenzaR21AI079342 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI KLEIN, SABRA L. · 2009 to 2010
$445k
Sex Hormones and the Innate Immune Response to Influenza InfectionF31AI089034 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ROBINSON, DIONNE · 2010 to 2012
$106k
NIAID NIH HHS AI079342NIAID NIH HHS AI089034NIAID NIH HHS AI090344NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI079342NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI090344
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

During pregnancy, it is evolutionarily advantageous for inflammatory immune responses that might lead to fetal rejection to be reduced and anti-inflammatory responses that promote transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus to be increased. Hormones modulate the immunological shift that occurs during pregnancy. Estrogens, including estradiol and estriol, progesterone, and glucocorticoids increase over the course of pregnancy and affect transcriptional signaling of inflammatory immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface and systemically. During pregnancy, the reduced activity of natural killer cells, inflammatory macrophages, and helper T cell type 1 (Th1) cells and production of inflammatory cytokines, combined with the higher activity of regulatory T cells and production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, affects disease pathogenesis. The severity of diseases caused by inflammatory responses (e.g., multiple sclerosis) is reduced and the severity of diseases that are mitigated by inflammatory responses (e.g., influenza and malaria) is increased during pregnancy. For some infectious diseases, elevated inflammatory responses that are necessary to control and clear a pathogen have a negative consequence on the outcome of pregnancy. The bidirectional interactions between hormones and the immune system contribute to both the outcome of pregnancy and female susceptibility to disease.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutoimmunityCytokinesDisease SusceptibilityEstradiolFemaleGlucocorticoidsHumansInflammationPregnancyPregnancy, AnimalProgesteroneT-LymphocytesCytokinesEstradiolGlucocorticoidsProgesterone

Identifiers

PMID22406114
PMCPMC3376705
OpenAlexW2113399583

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.