ArticleArthritis research & therapy2012
The anti-CD74 humanized monoclonal antibody, milatuzumab, which targets the invariant chain of MHC II complexes, alters B-cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion molecule expression.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01845740 (A Phase Ib Study of Milatuzumab Administered Subcutaneously in Patients With Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase Ib Study of Milatuzumab Administered Subcutaneously in Patients With Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhanced MIF/CD74 axis activity shapes B cell functioning following traumatic spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Review
- Single-cell profiling unveils nephritis-related circulating immunological signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.Communications biology · 2026Article
- CD74-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate Enhances Immunosuppression of Glucocorticoid in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Slow-replicating leukemia cells represent a leukemia stem cell population with high cell-surface CD74 expression.Molecular oncology · 2024Article
- Unraveling the molecular architecture of autoimmune thyroid diseases at spatial resolution.Nature communications · 2024Article
- CD74 supports accumulation and function of regulatory T cells in tumors.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Granzyme B+ B cells detected by single-cell sequencing are associated with prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following liver transplantation.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- The role of CD74 in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Development of combinatorial antibody therapies for diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Identifying Safety Thresholds for Immunosuppressive Drugs: Applying Insights from Primary Antibody Deficiencies to Mitigate Adverse Events in Secondary Antibody Deficiencies Using Mathematical Modeling of Preclinical and Early Clinical Data.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2021Review
- The macrophage migration inhibitory factor pathway in human B cells is tightly controlled and dysregulated in multiple sclerosis.European journal of immunology · 2018Article
- CD74 Deficiency Mitigates Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-like Autoimmunity and Pathological Findings in Mice.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- The biological function and significance of CD74 in immune diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2017Review
- Article
- Intestinal Dendritic Cells Are Altered in Number, Maturity and Chemotactic Ability in Fulminant Hepatic Failure.PloS one · 2016Article
- Caloric restriction and the adipokine leptin alter the SDF-1 signaling axis in bone marrow and in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2015Article
- Target Therapy in Hematological Malignances: New Monoclonal Antibodies.International scholarly research notices · 2014Review
- High CD74 expression correlates with ZAP70 expression in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTargeting CD74 as the invariant chain of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) became possible by the availability of a specific humanized monoclonal antibody, milatuzumab, which is under investigation in patients with hematological neoplasms. CD74 has been reported to regulate chemo-attractant migration of macrophages and dendritic cells, while the role of CD74 on peripheral naïve and memory B cells also expressing CD74 remains unknown. Therefore, the current study addressed the influence of milatuzumab on B-cell proliferation, chemo-attractant migration, and adhesion molecule expression.
methodsSurface expression of CD74 on CD27- naïve and CD27+ memory B cells as well as other peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from normals, including the co-expression of CD44, CXCR4, and the adhesion molecules CD62L, β7-integrin, β1-integrin and CD9 were studied after binding of milatuzumab using multicolor flow cytometry. The influence of the antibody on B-cell proliferation and migration was analyzed in vitro in detail.
resultsIn addition to monocytes, milatuzumab also specifically bound to human peripheral B cells, with a higher intensity on CD27+ memory versus CD27- naïve B cells. The antibody reduced B-cell proliferation significantly but moderately, induced enhanced spontaneous and CXCL12-dependent migration together with changes in the expression of adhesion molecules, CD44, β7-integrin and CD62L, mainly of CD27- naïve B cells. This was independent of macrophage migration-inhibitory factor as a ligand of CD74/CD44 complexes.
conclusionsMilatuzumab leads to modestly reduced proliferation, alterations in migration, and adhesion molecule expression preferentially of CD27- naïve B cells. It thus may be a candidate antibody for the autoimmune disease therapy by modifying B cell functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.