Trial reportPloS one2012
Interplay of filaggrin loss-of-function variants, allergic sensitization, and eczema in a longitudinal study covering infancy to 18 years of age.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Skin barrier-related genes in childhood atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study: Feasibility of an early allergenic food introduction regimen.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2016Trial
- The Effect of Epigenetic Age Acceleration on Atopic Dermatitis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- Revisiting the Roles of Filaggrin in Atopic Dermatitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Sex-specific developmental trajectories of eczema from infancy to age 26 years: A birth cohort study.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2022Article
- Current insights into the genetics of food allergy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Review
- The Role of the Environmental Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Outcome of Atopic Dermatitis.BioMed research international · 2019Review
- Breastfeeding duration modifies the effect of smoking during pregnancy on eczema from early childhood to adolescence.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2018Article
- Cohort Profile: The Isle Of Wight Whole Population Birth Cohort (IOWBC).International journal of epidemiology · 2018Observational
- Epistasis between FLG and IL4R Genes on the Risk of Allergic Sensitization: Results from Two Population-Based Birth Cohort Studies.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Filaggrin mutations increase allergic airway disease in childhood and adolescence through interactions with eczema and aeroallergen sensitization.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2018Article
- Article
- Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations are associated with food allergy in childhood and adolescence.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2014Article
- Allergic sensitization and filaggrin variants predispose to the comorbidity of eczema, asthma, and rhinitis: results from the Isle of Wight birth cohort.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2014Article
- Association of filaggrin variants with asthma and rhinitis: is eczema or allergic sensitization status an effect modifier?International archives of allergy and immunology · 2014Article
- Interactive effect of STAT6 and IL13 gene polymorphisms on eczema status: results from a longitudinal and a cross-sectional study.BMC medical genetics · 2013Article
- DNA methylation of the filaggrin gene adds to the risk of eczema associated with loss-of-function variants.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2013Article
- [Which was first: the chicken or the egg? : an update on sensitization risks and pathways: is sensitization secondary to eczema or vice-versa?].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune specific genes as well as genes regulating the formation of skin barrier are major determinants for eczema manifestation. There is a debate as to whether allergic sensitization and filaggrin gene (FLG) variants lead to eczema or FLG variants and eczema increase the risk of allergic sensitization. To investigate the time-order between eczema and allergic sensitization with respect to FLG variants, data from a large prospective study covering infancy to late adolescence were analyzed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsRepeated measurements of eczema and allergic sensitization (documented by skin prick tests) at ages 1, 2, 4, 10, and 18 years were ascertained in the Isle of Wight birth cohort (n = 1,456). Three transition periods were analyzed: age 1-or-2 to 4, 4 to 10, and 10 to 18 years. FLG variants were genotyped in 1,150 participants. Over the three transition periods, in temporal sequence analyses of initially eczema-free participants, the combined effect of FLG variants and allergic sensitization showed a 2.92-fold (95% CI: 1.47-5.77) increased risk ratio (RR) of eczema in subsequent examinations. This overall risk was more pronounced at a younger age (transition period 1-or-2 to 4, RR = 6.47, 95% CI: 1.96-21.33). In contrast, FLG variants in combination with eczema showed a weaker, but significant, risk ratio for subsequent allergic sensitization only up to 10 years of age. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Taking the time order into account, this prospective study demonstrates for the first time, that a combination of FLG variants and allergic sensitization increased the risk of eczema in subsequent years. Also FLG variants interacted with eczema and increased the risk of subsequent allergic sensitization, which, was limited to the younger age. Hence, early restoration of defective skin barrier could prevent allergic sensitization and subsequently reduce the risk of eczema development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.