Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22399295›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2012

Galactose recognition by the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii.

Jan Marchant, Ben Cowper, Yan Liu, Livia Lai, Camila Pinzan, Jean Baptiste Marq, Nikolas Friedrich, Kovilen Sawmynaden, Lloyd Liew, Wengang Chai and 7 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. HarnessingAnnals of medicine · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Surface antigen SAG1 mediatesInfection and immunity · 2025
    Article
  4. Recombinant Microneme Proteins MIC1 and MIC4 fromPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Dominique Soldati-Favre: BringingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Microneme Proteins 1 and 4 FromFrontiers in immunology · 2021
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Diverse Roles of TgMIC1/4/6 in theFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. How does Toxoplama gondii invade host cells?The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2018
    Review
  17. Conformations of the type-1 lacto-N-biose I unit in protein complex structures.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2018
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Jan MarchantDivision of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
Ben Cowper
Yan Liu
Livia Lai
Camila Pinzan
Jean Baptiste Marq
Nikolas Friedrich
Kovilen Sawmynaden
Lloyd Liew
Wengang Chai
Robert A Childs
Savvas Saouros
Peter Simpson
Maria Cristina Roque Barreira
Ten Feizi
Dominique Soldati-Favre
Stephen Matthews
Imperial College London · GBUniversity of Geneva · CHUniversidade de São Paulo · BRClovis Oncology (United Kingdom) · GBThe Francis Crick Institute · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0800038Medical Research Council G9601454
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toxosplasma gondii is the model parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, which contains numerous obligate intracellular parasites of medical and veterinary importance, including Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, and Plasmodium species. Members of this phylum actively enter host cells by a multistep process with the help of microneme protein (MIC) complexes that play important roles in motility, host cell attachment, moving junction formation, and invasion. T. gondii (Tg)MIC1-4-6 complex is the most extensively investigated microneme complex, which contributes to host cell recognition and attachment via the action of TgMIC1, a sialic acid-binding adhesin. Here, we report the structure of TgMIC4 and reveal its carbohydrate-binding specificity to a variety of galactose-containing carbohydrate ligands. The lectin is composed of six apple domains in which the fifth domain displays a potent galactose-binding activity, and which is cleaved from the complex during parasite invasion. We propose that galactose recognition by TgMIC4 may compromise host protection from galectin-mediated activation of the host immune system.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell Adhesion MoleculesGalactoseGalectinsHumansMultiprotein ComplexesProtein Structure, TertiaryProtozoan ProteinsToxoplasmaToxoplasmosisCell Adhesion MoleculesGalactoseGalectinsMIC4 protein, Toxoplasma gondiiMultiprotein ComplexesProtozoan Proteins

Identifiers

PMID22399295
PMCPMC3351351
OpenAlexW2141739966

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.