Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22399133›Full record

ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2012

The instrumented fetal sheep as a model of cerebral white matter injury in the premature infant.

Stephen A Back, Art Riddle, Justin Dean, A Roger Hohimer

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
16.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Commentary on: "Delayed necrostatin-1s infusion attenuates cystic white matter injury in preterm fetal sheep."Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Article
  9. Fetal Cerebral Blood Flow (Dys)autoregulation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
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36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Stephen A BackDepartment of Pediatrics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. backs@ohsu.edu
Art Riddle
Justin Dean
A Roger Hohimer
Oregon Health & Science University · US

Funding

ULTRASOUND IMAGING COREP01HD034430 · NICHD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI THORNBURG, KENT L.R. · 1997 to 2017
$20.7M
Role of Extracellular Matrix in Hypoxic-Ischemic Perinatal White Matter InjuryR01NS054044 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI BACK, STEPHEN ARTHUR · 2006 to 2021
$4.8M
Cellular Mechanisms of Fetal White Matter InjuryR01NS045737 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI BACK, STEPHEN ARTHUR · 2003 to 2019
$3.7M
Cellular mechanisms of fetal white matter injuryR37NS045737 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI BACK, STEPHEN ARTHUR · 2007 to 2013
$2.7M
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of preterm white matter injuryF30NS066704 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI RIDDLE, ART · 2010 to 2013
$174k
NICHD NIH HHS P01 HD034430NICHD NIH HHS P01HD34430NINDS NIH HHS 1F30NS066704NINDS NIH HHS 1R01NS054044NINDS NIH HHS F30 NS066704NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS045737NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS054044NINDS NIH HHS R37 NS045737NINDS NIH HHS R37NS045737-06S1/06S2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite advances in neonatal intensive care, survivors of premature birth remain highly susceptible to unique patterns of developmental brain injury that manifest as cerebral palsy and cognitive-learning disabilities. The developing brain is particularly susceptible to cerebral white matter injury related to hypoxia-ischemia. Cerebral white matter development in fetal sheep shares many anatomical and physiological similarities with humans. Thus, the fetal sheep has provided unique experimental access to the complex pathophysiological processes that contribute to injury to the human brain during successive periods in development. Recent refinements have resulted in models that replicate major features of acute and chronic human cerebral injury and have provided access to complex clinically relevant studies of cerebral blood flow and neuroimaging that are not feasible in smaller laboratory animals. Here, we focus on emerging insights and methodologies from studies in fetal sheep that have begun to define cellular and vascular factors that contribute to white matter injury. Recent advances include spatially defined measurements of cerebral blood flow in utero, the definition of cellular maturational factors that define the topography of injury and the application of high-field magnetic resonance imaging to define novel neuroimaging signatures for specific types of chronic white matter injury. Despite the higher costs and technical challenges of instrumented preterm fetal sheep models, they provide powerful access to clinically relevant studies that provide a more integrated analysis of the spectrum of insults that appear to contribute to cerebral injury in human preterm infants.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalSheepAnimalsBrain InjuriesCerebrovascular CirculationCerebrumFemaleFetusHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureNerve Fibers, MyelinatedPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID22399133
PMCPMC3337024
OpenAlexW2038521503

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.