Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22398555›Full record

ArticleNature2012

Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence.

Aylwyn Scally, Julien Y Dutheil, LaDeana W Hillier, Gregory E Jordan, Ian Goodhead, Javier Herrero, Asger Hobolth, Tuuli Lappalainen, Thomas Mailund, Tomas Marques-Bonet and 61 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 329 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
329citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

329 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Chromosome painting in plants: history and future perspectives.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2026
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  8. Incomplete lineage sorting shaped mixed traits during a colobine primate radiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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  11. Review
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. The hybrid history of zebrafish.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025
    Article

269 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

71 authors.

Aylwyn ScallyWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
Julien Y Dutheil
LaDeana W Hillier
Gregory E Jordan
Ian Goodhead
Javier Herrero
Asger Hobolth
Tuuli Lappalainen
Thomas Mailund
Tomas Marques-Bonet
Shane McCarthy
Stephen H Montgomery
Petra C Schwalie
Y Amy Tang
Michelle C Ward
Yali Xue
Bryndis Yngvadottir
Can Alkan
Lars N Andersen
Qasim Ayub
Edward V Ball
Kathryn Beal
Brenda J Bradley
Yuan Chen
Chris M Clee
Stephen Fitzgerald
Tina A Graves
Yong Gu
Paul Heath
Andreas Heger
Emre Karakoc
Anja Kolb-Kokocinski
Gavin K Laird
Gerton Lunter
Stephen Meader
Matthew Mort
James C Mullikin
Kasper Munch
Timothy D O'Connor
Andrew D Phillips
Javier Prado-Martinez
Anthony S Rogers
Saba Sajjadian
Dominic Schmidt
Katy Shaw
Jared T Simpson
Peter D Stenson
Daniel J Turner
Linda Vigilant
Albert J Vilella
Weldon Whitener
Baoli Zhu
David N Cooper
Pieter de Jong
Emmanouil T Dermitzakis
Evan E Eichler
Paul Flicek
Nick Goldman
Nicholas I Mundy
Zemin Ning
Duncan T Odom
Chris P Ponting
Michael A Quail
Oliver A Ryder
Stephen M Searle
Wesley C Warren
Richard K Wilson
Mikkel H Schierup
Jane Rogers
Chris Tyler-Smith
Richard Durbin

Funding

Large Scale Genome SequencingU54HG003079 · NHGRI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI DUTCHER, SUSAN K · 2004 to 2016
$445.7M
Comparative Genomics Unit ResearchZIAHG200330 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI MULLIKIN, JAMES C · 2009 to 2022
$17.9M
Sequence and Assembly of Segmental DuplicationsR01HG002385 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Evan Eichler · 2001 to 2026
$13.3M
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilCancer Research UK 15603Cancer Research UK A15603European Research Council 202218Howard Hughes Medical InstituteIntramural NIH HHSMedical Research Council G0501331Medical Research Council G0701805NHGRI NIH HHS HG002385NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG002385NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG003079Wellcome Trust 062023Wellcome Trust 075491/Z/04Wellcome Trust 077009Wellcome Trust 077192Wellcome Trust 077198Wellcome Trust 089066Wellcome Trust 090532Wellcome Trust 095908
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gorillas are humans' closest living relatives after chimpanzees, and are of comparable importance for the study of human origins and evolution. Here we present the assembly and analysis of a genome sequence for the western lowland gorilla, and compare the whole genomes of all extant great ape genera. We propose a synthesis of genetic and fossil evidence consistent with placing the human-chimpanzee and human-chimpanzee-gorilla speciation events at approximately 6 and 10 million years ago. In 30% of the genome, gorilla is closer to human or chimpanzee than the latter are to each other; this is rarer around coding genes, indicating pervasive selection throughout great ape evolution, and has functional consequences in gene expression. A comparison of protein coding genes reveals approximately 500 genes showing accelerated evolution on each of the gorilla, human and chimpanzee lineages, and evidence for parallel acceleration, particularly of genes involved in hearing. We also compare the western and eastern gorilla species, estimating an average sequence divergence time 1.75 million years ago, but with evidence for more recent genetic exchange and a population bottleneck in the eastern species. The use of the genome sequence in these and future analyses will promote a deeper understanding of great ape biology and evolution.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGenetic SpeciationAnimalsFemaleGene Expression RegulationGenetic VariationGenomeGenomicsGorilla gorillaHumansMacaca mulattaMolecular Sequence DataPan troglodytesPhylogenyPongoProteinsProteins

Identifiers

PMID22398555
PMCPMC3303130

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.