ArticleClinical and molecular allergy : CMA2012
Anaphylactic reactions to oligosaccharides in red meat: a syndrome in evolution.
Article in Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Basophil Activation Test Predicts Cetuximab Anaphylaxis Severity in Alpha-Gal IgE-Positive Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Mechanisms Governing Anaphylaxis: Inflammatory Cells, Mediators, Endothelial Gap Junctions and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The α-Gal Syndrome and Potential Mechanisms.Frontiers in allergy · 2021Review
- Tick and Host Derived Compounds Detected in the Cement Complex Substance.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Article
- Acquired complement C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency in a patient with a rareBMJ case reports · 2019Article
- Evaluation and Management of Angioedema in the Emergency Department.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2019Review
- Anaphylaxis.Chest · 2018Review
- Utility of serum anti-cetuximab immunoglobulin E levels to identify patients at a high risk of severe hypersensitivity reaction to cetuximab.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Article
- Antibodies against Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharides and Natural Anti-Galactosyl (Alpha-Gal) in Patients with Humoral Immunodeficiencies.Journal of immunology research · 2017Article
- IgE Sensitization Patterns to Commonly Consumed Foods Determined by Skin Prick Test in Korean Adults.Journal of Korean medical science · 2016Article
- [Delayed anaphylaxis after ingestion of meat. Carbohydrate epitope galactose-α-1,3-galactose as cause of severe anaphylactic reactions].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2015Article
- Carbohydrates as food allergens.Asia Pacific allergy · 2015Review
- IgE production to α-gal is accompanied by elevated levels of specific IgG1 antibodies and low amounts of IgE to blood group B.PloS one · 2013Article
- A perspective on new immune adjuvant principles: Reprogramming inflammatory states to permit clearance of cancer cells and other age-associated cellular pathologies.Oncoimmunology · 2012Article
- The red meat allergy syndrome in Sweden.Allergo journal internationalReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWhile most allergic responses to food are directed against protein epitopes and occur within 30 minutes of ingesting the allergen, recent studies suggest that delayed reactions may occur, sometimes mediated by IgE antibodies directed against carbohydrate moieties. The objective of this review is to summarize the clinical features and management of delayed hypersensitivity reactions to mammalian meat mediated by IgE antibodies to galactose-alpha 1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), an oligosaccharide.
methodsA PubMed search was conducted with MeSH terms: galactosyl-(1,3) galactose, oligosaccharides, cetuximab, allergy/hypersensitivity, and anaphylaxis. Reported cases with alpha-gal-mediated reactions were reviewed. This research study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of East Tennessee State University.
resultsThirty-two cases of adults presenting with red-meat induced allergy thought to be related to oligosaccharides have been reported in the literature so far, making this a rare and evolving syndrome. Most of these patients demonstrated delayed reactions to beef, as was seen in the case reported by us in this manuscript. IgE specific to alpha-gal was identified in most patients with variable response to skin testing with beef and pork. Inhibition studies in some cases showed that the IgE antibodies to beef were directed towards alpha-gal in the meat rather than the protein. The patients often reported history of tick bites, the significance of which is unclear at present. Reactions to cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody, are mediated by a similar mechanism, with IgE antibodies directed against an alpha-gal moiety incorporated in the drug structure.
conclusionAlpha-gal is an oligosaccharide recently incriminated in delayed anaphylactic reactions to mammalian meats such as to beef, pork, and lamb. It appears that anaphylactic reactions to the anti-cancer biological agent, cetuximab, may be linked mechanistically to the same process. More studies are required to understand the underlying molecular basis for these delayed reactions in specific, and their broader implications for host defense in general.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.