ArticlePloS one2012
Poplar GTL1 is a Ca2+/calmodulin-binding transcription factor that functions in plant water use efficiency and drought tolerance.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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36 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Trihelix Genes inBiomolecules · 2026Article
- Effects of drought stress and Ca supply on photosynthesis, fluorescence parameters and growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in the Hexi Corridor.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trihelix transcription factors: versatile regulators in plant growth and development, abiotic, and biotic stress responses.Plant cell reports · 2026Review
- Climate and hybridization shape stomatal trait evolution in Populus.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Genome-wide identification and characterization of the Trihelix transcription factor family and functional analysis of VaTrihelix23 under low temperatures stress in Vitis amurensis.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis and expression pattern study of trihelix transcription factors in Pisum sativum L.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification of the Trihelix Transcription Factor Family and Functional Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Transcriptional repression ofPlant direct · 2024Article
- Light signaling as cellular integrator of multiple environmental cues in plants.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2023Review
- Calcium signaling-mediated transcriptional reprogramming during abiotic stress response in plants.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2023Review
- Deciphering the Mechanism of Tolerance to Apple Replant Disease Using a Genetic Mapping Approach in a Malling 9 ×International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Responses to Drought Stress in Poplar: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- How Does Stomatal Density and Residual Transpiration Contribute to Osmotic Stress Tolerance?Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Overexpression of the cotton trihelix transcription factorFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Genome-wide characterization and identification of Trihelix transcription factors and expression profiling in response to abiotic stresses in Chinese Willow (Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Trihelix Transcriptional Factor GhGT26 of Cotton Enhances Salinity Tolerance inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Trihelix transcription factors GTL1 and DF1 prevent aberrant root hair formation in an excess nutrient condition.The New phytologist · 2022Article
- Crosstalk between CaPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Trihelix Transcription FactorInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Activation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Synthases Sets Stomatal Density and Clustered Ratio on Leaf Epidermis ofFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diminishing global fresh water availability has focused research to elucidate mechanisms of water use in poplar, an economically important species. A GT-2 family trihelix transcription factor that is a determinant of water use efficiency (WUE), PtaGTL1 (GT-2 like 1), was identified in Populus tremula × P. alba (clone 717-IB4). Like other GT-2 family members, PtaGTL1 contains both N- and C-terminal trihelix DNA binding domains. PtaGTL1 expression, driven by the Arabidopsis thaliana AtGTL1 promoter, suppressed the higher WUE and drought tolerance phenotypes of an Arabidopsis GTL1 loss-of-function mutation (gtl1-4). Genetic suppression of gtl1-4 was associated with increased stomatal density due to repression of Arabidopsis STOMATAL DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION1 (AtSDD1), a negative regulator of stomatal development. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) indicated that a PtaGTL1 C-terminal DNA trihelix binding fragment (PtaGTL1-C) interacted with an AtSDD1 promoter fragment containing the GT3 box (GGTAAA), and this GT3 box was necessary for binding. PtaGTL1-C also interacted with a PtaSDD1 promoter fragment via the GT2 box (GGTAAT). PtaSDD1 encodes a protein with 60% primary sequence identity with AtSDD1. In vitro molecular interaction assays were used to determine that Ca(2+)-loaded calmodulin (CaM) binds to PtaGTL1-C, which was predicted to have a CaM-interaction domain in the first helix of the C-terminal trihelix DNA binding domain. These results indicate that, in Arabidopsis and poplar, GTL1 and SDD1 are fundamental components of stomatal lineage. In addition, PtaGTL1 is a Ca(2+)-CaM binding protein, which infers a mechanism by which environmental stimuli can induce Ca(2+) signatures that would modulate stomatal development and regulate plant water use.
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