ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2012
K+ depolarization evokes ATP, adenosine and glutamate release from glia in rat hippocampus: a microelectrode biosensor study.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Improved Ratiometric FRET Biosensor with Higher Affinity for Extracellular ATP.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Purinergic P2X7 Receptor as a Target for Adjunctive Treatment for Drug-Refractory Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The P2X7 Receptor, a Multifaceted Receptor in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The P2X7 Receptor as a Mechanistic Biomarker for Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Extracellular ATP/adenosine dynamics in the brain and its role in health and disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Beyond Seizure Control: Treating Comorbidities in Epilepsy via Targeting of the P2X7 Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- CMOS-Based Redox-Type Label-Free ATP Image Sensor for In Vitro Sensitive Imaging of Extracellular ATP.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- ATP and adenosine-Two players in the control of seizures and epilepsy development.Progress in neurobiology · 2021Review
- Dopamine, vocalization, and astrocytes.Brain and language · 2021Article
- Age-related alterations in the cerebrovasculature affect neurovascular coupling and BOLD fMRI responses: Insights from animal models of aging.Psychophysiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Structure versus function: Are new conformations of pannexin 1 yet to be resolved?The Journal of general physiology · 2021Article
- Targeting Neuroinflammation via Purinergic P2 Receptors for Disease Modification in Drug-Refractory Epilepsy.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Review
- Insights into Potential Targets for Therapeutic Intervention in Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Calbindin Deficits May Underlie Dissociable Effects of 5-HTMolecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Real-time in vivo imaging of extracellular ATP in the brain with a hybrid-type fluorescent sensor.eLife · 2020Article
- Astrocytes as Guardians of Neuronal Excitability: Mechanisms Underlying Epileptogenesis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Intracerebral Adenosine During Sleep Deprivation: A Meta-Analysis and New Experimental Data.Journal of circadian rhythms · 2018Article
- Regional Variations of Spontaneous, Transient Adenosine Release in Brain Slices.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2018Article
- Effects of the ecto-ATPase apyrase on microglial ramification and surveillance reflect cell depolarization, not ATP depletion.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeThis study was undertaken to characterize the ATP, adenosine and glutamate outflow evoked by depolarization with high K(+) concentrations, in slices of rat hippocampus. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We utilized the microelectrode biosensor technique and extracellular electrophysiological recording for the real-time monitoring of the efflux of ATP, adenosine and glutamate. KEY
resultsATP, adenosine and glutamate sensors exhibited transient and reversible current during depolarization with 25 mM K(+) , with distinct kinetics. The ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL67156 enhanced the extracellular level of ATP and inhibited the prolonged adenosine efflux, suggesting that generation of adenosine may derive from the extracellular breakdown of ATP. Stimulation-evoked ATP, adenosine and glutamate efflux was inhibited by tetrodotoxin, while exposure to Ca(2+) -free medium abolished ATP and adenosine efflux from hippocampal slices. Extracellular elevation of ATP and adenosine were decreased in the presence of NMDA receptor antagonists, D-AP-5 and ifenprodil, whereas non-NMDA receptor blockade by CNQX inhibited glutamate but not ATP and adenosine efflux. The gliotoxin fluoroacetate and P2X7 receptor antagonists inhibited the K(+) -evoked ATP, adenosine and glutamate efflux, while carbenoxolone in low concentration and probenecid decreased only the adenosine efflux. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our results demonstrated activity-dependent gliotransmitter release in the hippocampus in response to ongoing neuronal activity. ATP and glutamate were released by P2X7 receptor activation into extracellular space. Although the increased extracellular levels of adenosine did derive from released ATP, adenosine might also be released directly via pannexin hemichannels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.