Trial reportCancer2012
Favorable survival maintained in children who have myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome using reduced-dose chemotherapy on Children's Oncology Group trial A2971: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.
Trial report in Cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00003593 (Treatment of Children With Down Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Treatment of Children With Down Syndrome (DS) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), and Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder (TMD): A Phase III Group-Wide Study
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- Normal karyotype is a poor prognostic factor in myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome: a retrospective, international study.Haematologica · 2014Trial
- Article
- Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Children with Myeloid Leukemia Associated with Down Syndrome: A Nationwide Polish Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Outcomes of down syndrome-related myeloid leukemia in Turkiye: a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study by the Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association.Annals of hematology · 2026Observational
- Molecular risk markers define risk of relapse in myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome beyond measurable residual disease.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Novel perceptions and insights into the rare hematologic malignancy of acute megakaryocytic leukemia: a multicenter clinical retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Survival outcomes of children with relapsed or refractory myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Myeloid neoplasms.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2023Article
- Myeloid Leukemia of Down Syndrome.Cancers · 2023Review
- Article
- Acute myeloid leukemia with anCold Spring Harbor molecular case studies · 2022Article
- Acute leukaemia in children with Down syndrome in a low middle-income country.Ecancermedicalscience · 2022Article
- Review
- Gain of chromosome 21 in hematological malignancies: lessons from studying leukemia in children with Down syndrome.Leukemia · 2020Review
- Treatments for children and adolescents with AML.Blood research · 2020Review
- Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Down syndrome associated childhood myeloid leukemia with yet unreported acquired chromosomal abnormalities and a new potential adverse marker: dup(1)(q25q44).Molecular cytogenetics · 2018Article
- Current Management of Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Paediatric drugs · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChildren who are treated for myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome (DS) experience superior survival compared with children who have myeloid leukemia without DS. To maintain excellent outcomes while avoiding toxicity, the Children's Oncology Group (COG) conducted the phase 3 trial COG A2971, the first trial solely designed to provide uniform treatment of myeloid leukemia in North American children with DS. A2971 eliminated 2 induction drugs and 3 months of maintenance therapy from the standard-timing regimen of dexamethasone, cytarabine, 6-thioguanine, etoposide, and rubidomycin/daunomycin (DCTER) used in the previous study (Children's Cancer Group [CCG] 2891).
methodsCOG A2971 was a multi-institutional, nonrandomized, clinical trial that enrolled 132 patients who had DS with either acute myeloid leukemia (n = 91) or myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 41).
resultsThe median follow-up was 4.8 years (range, 0.8-8.6 years), the median age at diagnosis was 1.7 years (range, 0.3-13.6 years), and the median white blood cell count was 6200/μL (range, 900-164,900/μL). The remission rate (92.7% ± 6%) was similar to that reported in the CCG 2891 study (91.3% ± 5%; P = .679). The 5-year event free survival (EFS) rate was 79% ± 7% (vs 77% ± 7% in CCG 2891; P = .589), the disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 89% ± 6% (vs 85% ± 6% in CCG 2891; P = .337), and the overall survival rate was 84% ± 6% (vs 79% ± 7% in CCG 2891; P = .302). Induction day-14 bone marrow response trended toward a more favorable outcome (EFS: P = .12). Age >4 years was an adverse risk factor (5-year EFS rate: 33% ± 38% for children aged >4 years [median, 8.5 years; n = 6] vs 81% ± 7% for children ages 0-4 years [median, 1.7 years; n = 126]; P = .001).
conclusionsThe COG A2971 trial reduced the chemotherapy dose and maintained survival to that achieved by the CCG 2891 trial in children who had myeloid leukemia associated with DS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.